Izimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ezikhiqizwe ezokuvakasha zamazwe ngamazwe zafinyelela ku-USD 1.7 trillion ngo-2018, okuwukukhuphuka ngama-4% ngokwemibandela yangempela ngonyaka odlule, umbiko omusha ovela ku-World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) imibukiso. Onyakeni wesikhombisa ulandelana, ukuthunyelwa kwezivakashi kwamanye amazwe kukhule ngokushesha kunokuthunyelwa kwempahla edayiswayo (+3%), okubonisa isidingo esiqinile sokuhamba kwamanye amazwe endaweni yezomnotho evamile eqinile.
Ukukhula okunamandla kohambo oluphumayo oluvela ezimakethe eziningi eziyimithombo emhlabeni wonke kubhebhezele izimali ezivela kwezokuvakasha zomhlaba wonke ukufinyelela ku-USD 1.7 trillion isiyonke. Lokhu kubalwa ngama-29% wokuthunyelwa kwensizakalo yomhlaba wonke kanye no-7% wokuthekelisa okuphelele kwezimpahla nezinsizakalo. Lezi zibalo zihlanganisa ezokuvakasha zamazwe omhlaba phakathi kwemikhakha emihlanu yezomnotho ephezulu emhlabeni, ngemuva kokukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali nemboni kaphethiloli kodwa ngaphambi kwezimboni zokudla nezimoto.
“Kunokuba sikhule ngevolumu kudingeka sikhule ngenani. Kuyasijabulisa ukubona ukuthi amazwe athuthukayo nathuthukayo emhlabeni wonke ayahlomula ngokukhuphuka kwemali yezokuvakasha,” kusho. UNWTO Unobhala-Jikelele, uZurab Pololikashvili. "Imali engenayo evela kwezokuvakasha kwamanye amazwe ihumusha imisebenzi, ukuhweba kanye nesimo esingcono kubantu kanye nezomnotho wendawo, kuyilapho kunciphisa ukushoda kwezohwebo emazweni amaningi" wanezela.
Isamba esithengisiwe esivela kwezokuvakasha samazwe ngamazwe sihlanganisa i-USD 1,448 bhiliyoni kumarisidi ezokuvakasha amazwe ngamazwe (imali esetshenziswa izivakashi ezindaweni) kanye ne-USD 256 bhiliyoni ezinsizeni zokuthutha abagibeli bamazwe ngamazwe. Ezokuvakasha ziwumthombo obalulekile wokushintshaniswa kwemali yakwamanye amazwe kanye nethuluzi elikhulu lokuhwebelana ngaphandle ezindaweni eziningi.
Amarisidi wezokuvakasha aphesheya akhuphule ama-4% ngokwezimo zangempela (ukulungisa ukuguquguquka kwesilinganiso sokushintshana nokwehla kwamandla emali) ukufinyelela kuma-USD 1,448 billion ngonyaka we-2018, cishe ama-USD 100 billion ngaphezulu konyaka odlule. Lokhu kuyahambisana nokwenyuka ngo-6% kwabavakashi bamazwe omhlaba ngonyaka wezi-2018.
Ngezifunda, i-Asia nePacific bahola indlela ngokukhula okungu-7% kumarisidi wezokuvakasha aphesheya, kwalandela iYurophu ngokunyuka okungu-5%. I-Middle East ibone ukukhula ngo-3%, kuyilapho i-Afrika (+ 1%) kanye neMelika (0%) iqophe imiphumela enesizotha. I-Central and Eastern Europe kanye ne-North-East Asia (womabili + 9%) kwakuyizifunda ezazinokukhula okuqine kakhulu.
IFrance neRussia bahola ukukhula phakathi kwabasebenzisa kakhulu
Ukukhula kwamarisidi kubangelwe ukufunwa okunamandla kokuhambela amazwe omhlaba ngokwesimo somnotho onamandla womhlaba.
Phakathi kwezimakethe eziyishumi ezihamba phambili emhlabeni, iFrance neRussian Federation bobabili baqophe ukukhula ngo-11% kwemali esetshenzisiwe ngo-2018, kuyilapho i-Australia ibone ukwanda ngo-10%.
I-China, imali esetshenziswe kakhulu emhlabeni ibike i-USD 277 billion ekusetshenzisweni kwezokuvakasha kwamazwe omhlaba ngonyaka we-2018, ukwanda ngo-5% ngokwezimali zangempela kusuka onyakeni owedlule, ngenkathi i-United States, eyesibili ngobukhulu, yachitha imali engaphezulu ngama-7%, ukufinyelela kuma-USD 144 billion.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamazwe aphesheya okuvela e-United Kingdom kukhule ngo-3% ngo-2018, kwathi ama-4% asuka e-Italy, kuyilapho iJalimane neRiphabhulikhi yaseKorea zombili zibike imiphumela emihle kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iSpain yajabulela ukusetshenziswa kwemali ephezulu ngo-12% kwezokuvakasha kwamazwe omhlaba ngo-2018.
