The Ihhotela Florence iyihhotela elalisebenza ngaphambili eliseSifundeni Somlando sasePullman ohlangothini oluseningizimu ye- Chicago, Illinois. Ngo-1880, iphayona likaloliwe uGeorge Pullman wathenga indawo engamahektha ayi-3,500 eduze kweLake Calumet ku-Illinois Central Railroad. Njengoba kwakwanda isidingo sezimoto zakhe zikaloliwe ezilele, uPullman wanquma ukwakha ifektri enkulu kunazo zonke ukuze azikhiqize kanye nedolobha lenkampani ukuze ahlalise izisebenzi zakhe nemikhaya yazo. U-Pullman wayekholelwa ukuthi uma akha idolobha elingenawo ama-saloons kanye nama-agitators, abasebenzi bakhe babeyohlala bethembekile emfundisweni kaPullman. I-Pullman City igcine ikhule yaba yizakhamizi eziyi-12,000. Yayinenxanxathela yayo yezitolo, ibhange lokonga imali, imidlalo yeshashalazi, isonto, izikole kanye nezinkundla zokudlala. Yayinomtapo wezincwadi wezincwadi ezingu-8,000 kanye nehhotela likanokusho elithi Florence (eliqanjwe ngendodakazi kaPullman). I-Pullman City kanye ne-Hotel Florence zenzelwe umakhi uSolon Spencer (1853-1914). Amakhomishana amaningana amakhulu ka-Beman ahlanganisa i-Pullman Office Building, i-Pabst Building kanye ne-Grand Central Station e-Chicago adiliziwe. U-Beman uphinde waklama amasonto amaningi eSayensi YamaKristu. Kwaqale kwabungazwa ukuhlela okuhle isithunzi sePullman City ngesikhathi iPullman Palace Car Company yenqaba ukwehlisa amarenti ngemuva kokwehliswa kwamaholo, iqala isiteleka sikazwelonke sikaPullman esinodlame.

Ihhotela i-Florence laliphawuleka kakhulu ngobuhle nobuhle bedizayini nokuqedwa, kanye nokunethezeka kwalo kwefenisha, izinto ezilungiswayo nezinto zikagesi, konke kuhlangene okulenza lilingane, ngaphandle kobukhulu, kumahhotela abiza kakhulu kunoma yimaphi amadolobha amakhulu.

Lesi sakhiwo siphakama sibe yizitezi ezine ngaphezu kwengxenye engaphansi, imigqa engaphezulu inqanyulwe uphahla lwamatshe amagalani namafasitela aphansi, okwenza lesi sakhiwo sifane nesithabathaba esikhulu esihle ukwedlula ihhotela. Uvulandi ongamamitha angu-16 ububanzi namamitha angu-268 ubude unwebeka ngaphambili nasezinhlangothini zesakhiwo esiphathwa e-East Lake kanye nemiklamo ye-Queen Anne, uphahla lupendwe ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esibhakabhakeni, ovumelana kahle nokubomvu okujulile kwesitini saso. izindonga zakhiwe. Ukundiza okufushane kwezinyathelo kunikeza indlela yokusondela engxenyeni emaphakathi yovulandi ongaphambili, lapho ihhovisi kanye ne-rotunda evula khona ngezicabha ezibanzi ze-cherry epholishiwe. Uma ungena endaweni yokwamukela izivakashi, ikhawunta yemabula yaseTennessee ezungezwe ideski likacherry elihle, ibonwa ngokugcwele emnyango wegumbi lokuhlala kanye negumbi lokufunda labanumzane. Ngokushesha ngale kwamuva kunegumbi lebhilidi ngaphesheya kwehholo ukusuka egumbini lokudla kwasemini kanye nesaluni eklanyelwe izivakashi zehhotela. Izindawo ezinkulu ezivulekile zomlilo ziyakwamukela lapho ungena endaweni yokwamukela izivakashi, ama-parlor kanye negumbi lokudlela.

Ifenisha yale parlor yenziwe nge-mahogany eqinile futhi ifakwe upholstered nge-Maroon velvet plush. Igumbi lokudlela linqamula ihholo ngokushesha ukusuka endlini yokugezela futhi linomumo ongu-L. Ingxenye yasekuqaleni yehhotela inamakamelo okulala angu-50, igumbi lokudlela, indawo yokugunda izinwele, amagumbi ahlukene abesilisa nabesifazane kanye nendawo yokuphuzela utshwala ePullman City. Lesi sakhiwo ekuqaleni besikhanyiswe ngamalambu egesi futhi sishisiswe ngama-radiators, isitimu esikhiqizwe yi-Corliss Engine etholakala ngaphesheya komgwaqo ezakhiweni zefekthri.

Isitezi sokuqala kanye nePullman Suite zasikwa ngokhuni lwe-cherry futhi zagcizelelwa ngamafasitela ezingilazi ezinemibala eminingi. Esitezi sesibili, iPullman Suite yayigcinelwe uGeorge Pullman lapho evakashele ifekthri nedolobhana njengoba umndeni wakwaPullman wawuhlala endaweni yemfashini yasePrairie Avenue District, eningizimu nje yedolobha.

Isitezi sesibili kuya esitezi sesine sasinamakamelo ehhotela nama-suites. Isitezi ngasinye, esifana nezimoto zesitimela, sinikeze "isigaba" sesevisi esihlukile. Amakamelo amahle futhi abizayo ayesesitezi sesibili, lapho ayeseduze nendawo yokwamukela izivakashi. Lawa makamelo afakwe ifenisha yase-Eastlake futhi afaka nezakhiwo ezinkulu ze-suite. Amakamelo esitezi sesithathu nesine ayemancane futhi efakwe ngezitayela ezahlukene esitezi ngasinye.

Ihhotela belingavunyelwe kubasebenzi bakwaPullman. UGeorge Pullman wayengafuni ukuthi izisebenzi zakhe ziphuze futhi wenqabela ukudayiswa kotshwala ngaphakathi kwemingcele yedolobha. Nokho, okuhlukile kwenziwe ezivakashini zehhotela i-Florence. Indawo ethengisa i-whisky nezinye iziphuzo ngaphakathi kwehhotela. Indawo yokudlela yasehhotela eyisipesheli ngokunqunywa kwengulube eyavezwa kumenyu yehhotela ngo-1902.

I-Historic Pullman Foundation yathenga i-Hotel Florence ngo-1975 ukuze isindise isakhiwo esiguga ekubhidlizweni futhi silungiswe. Ngo-1991, yathengiswa ku-Illinois Historic Preservation Agency njengengxenye ebalulekile ye-Pullman State Historic Site. Ihhotela livulekele izinkambo nemicimbi ekhethekile.

Umbhali, uStanley Turkel, yisiphathimandla nomxhumanisi ohlonishwayo embonini yehhotela. Usebenzisa ihhotela lakhe, ukungenisa izihambi kanye nemikhuba yokubonisana egxile ekuphathweni kwempahla, ekucwaningweni kwamabhuku kokusebenza nokusebenza kwezivumelwano zokukhushulwa kwamahhotela nezabelo zokuxhaswa kwamacala. Amakhasimende angabanikazi bamahhotela, abatshalizimali, nezikhungo ezibolekisa ngemali.

“Abakhi Bamahhotela Abakhulu BaseMelika”

Incwadi yami yesishiyagalombili yomlando wehhotela inezakhiwo eziyishumi nambili ezakha amahhotela angama-94 kusuka ngo-1878 kuya ku-1948: iWarren & Wetmore, iSchultze & Weaver, uJulia Morgan, u-Emery Roth, uMcKim, uMead & White, uHenry J. Hardenbergh, uCarrere & Hastings, uMulliken noMoeller, UMary Elizabeth Jane Colter, iTrowbridge & Livingston, uGeorge B. Post kanye namadodana.

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