Ukuvimbela kwe-US Airways kwesimangalo sokuhweba ngokumelene no-Saber

Kulesi sihloko saleli sonto, sihlola icala le-US Airways, Inc. v. Saber Holdings Corp., No. 11 Civ. 2725 (LGS)(March 21, 2017) lapho i-US Airways, Inc. [US Airways] yaletha izimangalo zokungathembeki ngokumelene ne-Saber Holdings Corporation [Sabre] ngaphansi koMthetho we-Sherman… kwesinye sezimangalo ezimbili ezanyiwe. Leso simangalo sisola ukuthi i-Saber ivimbe ukuhweba ngokungafanele ngokubeka i-US Airway imibandela yenkontileka ephikisana nokuncintisana nengekho emthethweni elimaza isicelo sokubambisana futhi yavumela i-Saber ukuthi ikhokhise i-US Airways imali yokubhuka ephakeme kunaleyo ebingakwazi ukuyikhokhisa emakethe eqhudelanayo. Ijaji linikeze i-US Airways u-$5,098,142 noma u-$15,294,426 ngemva kokunyakaza. U-Saber ufake isicelo sokwahlulela ngokomthetho...noma, esikhundleni salokho, ukuze kuqulwe icala elisha...isicelo siyanqatshelwa”.

Ukuvuselelwa Kokuqondiwe Kobuphekula

Ukuhlasela Okuyisithupha Okubulala Kakhulu Kuthunyelwe Ngo-9/11

Ekuhlaselweni okubulalayo Okuningi kusukela ngo-9/11, i-Gulf News Egypt, i-gulfnews (11/25/2017) ukuhlasela okuyisithupha okuphezulu okubulala kakhulu ngemva kuka-9/11 kwaba (1) Iraq ngo-2007: 400 abafile [amabhomu amaloli amane azibulalayo aqhuma]; (2) eSomalia ngo-2017: Kwafa i-358 [ibhomu elolini liqhuma]; (3) I-Iraq ngo-2016: Kwafa i-323 [i-mini-van egcwele iziqhumane iqhuma]; (4) Egypt ngo-2017: 305 abashonile [ukuhlaselwa mosque]; (5) EGibhithe ngo-2015: Kwafa abangu-224 [indiza yaseRussia ephuma eGibhithe iphahlazeka eNhlonhlweni yaseSinayi]; (6) I-Indonesia ngo-2002: abangu-202 bafa [ukuhlaselwa endaweni yokucima ukoma e-Bali].

iSinayi, iGibhithe

E-Walsh naseKirkpatrick, e-Egypt, Ukuziphindiselela Okufuthekayo kodwa Isu Elihlulekayo eSinayi, izikhathi eziningi (11/26/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “Ngemva kokuthi amasosha abulale abantu abangu-305 endaweni yamaSulumane egcwele phama…UMongameli u-Abdel Fattah el-Sisi (wafunga) ukuthi ' ziphindiselela' bese uphindisela 'ngenqindi yensimbi'...Kodwa lokho kuziphindiselela okunolaka, okwalandela iminyaka yempi eSinayi ngokumelene nenhlangano enonya ye-Islamic State eyawisa indiza yabagibeli yaseRussia ngo-2015 futhi evame ukuhlasela amasosha aseGibhithe lapho, kwavuselela impi. Umbuzo okhathaza kakhulu ngesu likaMnu. Sisi eNhlonhlweni ewugwadule: Kungani lehluleka? Esinye sezici eziphawuleka kakhulu ngesigameko sokubulawa kwabantu (emosque)…ukuthi kwaba lula kanjani ukuthi amasosha ayenze”

ILahore, ePakistan

EPakistani asolwa ngokuhlaselwa kuka-2008 eMumbai ekhululwe ekuboshweni endlini, i-travelwirenews (11/24/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi "uPakistani Hafiz Saeed, obonwe njengongqondongqondo wokuhlasela kwamaphekula ngo-2008 endaweni yezezimali yase-India eMumbai lapho abantu abangu-166. wabulawa, ukhululwe ekuboshweni endlini.

Yala, Thailand

Ekubulaweni kwephoyisa, omunye walinyazwa ibhomu laseYala, travelwirenews (11/21/2017) kuphawulwe ukuthi “Ilungu lethimba lamaphoyisa elivikela othisha libulewe kwathi elinye lalimala ngenxa yokuqhuma kwebhomu esifundeni saseBanang Sata ngoLwesibili ekuseni. Yayitshalwe ngaphansi kophawu lomgwaqo futhi yaqhunyiswa ngesikhathi ithimba lonogada lifika endaweni”.

EMelbourne, e-Australia

Emaphoyiseni ase-Australia abophe umuntu ozwelana ne-jihadist ehlela ukuhlasela kuka-Eva eNew York eMelbourne, rt (11/29/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “isakhamuzi sase-Australia esineminyaka engu-20 siboshelwe ukwakha itulo lokudubula esigcawini esimaphakathi saseMelbourne ngenkathi kuse. egcwele amadili oNcibijane. Amaphoyisa athi ugqugquzelwe abashokobezi be-jihadist futhi ezihlanganisa 'nomphakathi oweqisayo'”.

Paris, France

EParis iphoyisa liqhubeka nokudubulana ngemuva kokuhlukana nentombi, labulala abangu-3 ngaphambi kokuzibulala, travelwirenews (11/19/2017) kuphawulwe ukuthi “Iphoyisa lidubule labulala abantu abathathu lalimaza abanye abathathu ngaphambi kokuzibulala enyakatho. eParis…Ukudubula kuqale…ngoMgqibelo ebusuku endaweni yaseSarcelles, lapho kwaqubuka khona ingxabano phakathi kwephoyisa elineminyaka engu-31 ubudala u-Arnaud Martin kanye nentombi eneminyaka engu-25 ubudala behlezi emotweni ngaphandle komuzi wabazali balo” .

Myanmar

E-Paddock, I-Myanmar General's Purge of Rohingya Iphakamisa Ukusekela Kwakhe Okudumile, izikhathi eziningi (11/27/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “Umuntu onamandla kunabo bonke eMyanmar manje, u-Senior Gen. Min Aung Hlaing, wayengaziwa kancane ngaphandle kwemibuthano yezempi yezwe kuze kube yilapho. izigodi zaqala ukuvutha. Emasontweni ambalwa nje ngo-2009, amabutho akhe axosha amashumi ezinkulungwane zabantu ezigodini ezimbili zezizwe empumalanga yeMyanmar…Izakhamuzi zasola abathengisi bakhe ngokubulala, ukudlwengula kanye nokushiswa kwezindlu ngendlela ehlelekile…Izindlela amabutho akhe azisebenzisa ngo-2009 zonke bezilokhu zikhonjiswa ngonyaka njengoba amasosha exoshe amaSulumane angama-Rohingya angaphezu kuka-620,000 eMyanmar emkhankasweni i-United States ememezele ukuthi iwukuhlanzwa kohlanga ”.

El Salvador

Ku-Ahmed, “Kuzofanele Basiphendule”, ngezikhathi ezithile (11/30/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “NgoMashi 2016, uMongameli u-Salvador Sanchez Ceren wase-El Salvador umemezele iqoqo 'lezinyathelo ezingajwayelekile' athe uzozibeka. ukuqedwa kwamaqembu ezigebengu abenze isizwe sakhe saba yindawo yokubulawa kwabantu kakhulu eMhlabeni…'Sifuna ukwazisa uhulumeni ukuthi ngeke uwaqedele amaqembu ezigebengu' kusho uSomlomo. 'Siyingxenye yomphakathi wezwe lethu'. Ukuhlasela kwamaqembu ezigebengu kwakuwukuhlasela abantu futhi ukuhlasela okunjalo bekungaba nezindleko...sinamathuluzi okucekela phansi uhlelo lwezombangazwe lwezwe'…Iqembu lezigelekeqe e-El Salvador lenza ngonyaka lokho inqola yaseMexico engase yenze ngesonto. . I-MS-13, iqembu lezigelekeqe elikhulu kunawo wonke esizweni, elinamalungu angu-40,000 lithatha imali elinganiselwa ezigidini ezingu-30 zamaRandi ngonyaka, liqoqa izinkokhelo zokuphamba zama-dollar ambalwa, ngezinye izikhathi ngezinhlamvu zemali, futhi lisabalalise ngama-handouts amancane kumalungu ayo aphila nganoma yikuphi ukudla okungaqina- ingalo kubathengisi bendawo”. Izikhathi eziningi

I-Rio de Janeiro, eBrazil

E-Lonndono, e-Rio de Janeiro, 'Ukuba Sengozini Okuphelele' Njengokwanda Kodlame, nytimes (11/18/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “Kothisha esifundeni esisogwini lolwandle, ukwanda kodlame kwe-Rio de Janeiro kusho ukwenza ukuphila noma- ucingo lokwahlulela lokufa olunobuningi obungethuki: ukunquma ukuthi uzokhansela yini amakilasi ngenxa yokudubulana okuseduze. Emaphoyiseni, kusho ukuthi kungcwatshwe awabo angu-119 kuze kube manje kulo nyaka futhi anikele indawo eyengeziwe emaqenjini ezidakamizwa aqale kabusha ukuthengisa obala emiphakathini egcwele amathafa okwathiwa 'ixolisiwe' eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Izakhamizi eziningi ezijwayelekile zaleli dolobha elinabantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-6.5 ziqala usuku ziskena izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula ezilandelela imibiko ebukhoma yokuqhuma kwesibhamu ngaphambi kokuhlela uhambo lwazo lokuya emsebenzini…Kwabulawa abantu abangu-4,974… phakathi nezinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye zokuqala zalo nyaka, kwenyuke ngamaphesenti angu-11 kusukela ngonyaka odlule”.

9/11 Izinkokhelo Zenkampani Yezindiza

EziNkampanini zezindiza zivumelana ngenkokhelo engu-$95.2m ezindizeni eziduniwe ezisetshenziswe ngomhlaka-9/11, i-travewirenews (11/22/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “Izinkampani zomshwalense ze-American Airlines kanye ne-United Airlines zizothatha ingxenye yesimangalo somonakalo esingama- $95.2 wezigidi esilethwe abathuthukisi be I-World Trade Center, ngemuva kokuthi izakhiwo zicekelwe phansi yizindiza ezimbili eziduniwe ngoSepthemba 11, 2001″.

Ukuya Ejele E-Dubai

E-Nordland, Ukubamba Izandla, Ukuphuza Iwayini kanye Nezinye Izindlela Zokuya Ejele e-Dubai, nytimes (11/11/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “Umsebenzi kagesi waseScotland uJamie Herron, ovakashele eDubai njengesivakashi, ugwetshwe izinyanga ezintathu ejele. ejele ngokuthinta indoda endaweni yokucima ukoma. Inhloko yeqembu laseBrithani lebhola likanobhutshuzwayo, uDavid Haigh, uyalelwe ukuthi agqunywe ejele izinyanga eziyisikhombisa ngenxa yombhalo wakhe we-twitter athi wawungeke uvele kuyena—njengoba wayesejele ngaphandle kocingo. Isisebenzi sosizo sase-Australia esihlala e-Dubai, uScott Richards, wavalelwa ngenxa yokuzama ukuthola imali yokuthenga izingubo zokulala zezingane zase-Afghan eziqandisayo, ngoba wayengeyona ingxenye yenhlangano esiza abantulayo eyaziwayo…(iDubai) inohlelo lwezomthetho olusekelwe ekuchazeni okuqinile womthetho we-Shariah uvamise ukufaka abokufika ejele ngamacala okuthi bambalwa abantu baseNtshonalanga abangawaphupha ukuthi bekungamacala”,

Isikhathi Esejele Izimbongolo

Ku-Gettleman & Schultz, Isijeziso SaseNdiya Ngokudla Izimbongolo Ezidla Izitshalo: Isikhathi Sasejele, nytimes (11/29/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “Kwenzekani edolobheni laseNdiya elisenyakatho uma uklebhula izitshalo zomunye umuntu futhi usuke uqhuqha? Uya ejele. Noma uyimbongolo. Izindaba kuleli sonto zokuthi izimbongolo eziyisishiyagalombili ziboshelwe izinsuku ezine ngenxa yokudla izithombo ezibizayo zisabalele eNdiya, okuxubene nokuhleka usulu nokuhleka kwenhliziyo enhle. Uhulumeni wase-India ubulokhu uphezu kwenhlanzeko, eholwa nguNdunankulu uMarendra Modi, ofunge wagomela ukuthi uzokwakha amashumi ezigidi zezindlu zangasese futhi akhuculule udoti emadolobheni. Ngokusho kweziphathimandla, izimbongolo zazenza uthuthuva”.

I-US Civil Rights Trail

E-Krueger, eNingizimu naseNyakatho, New (kanye ne-Vital) Civil Rights Trails, nytimes (11/28/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “Eminyakeni emibili edlule abameleli beminyango yezokuvakasha yaseNingizimu Afrika bahlangana e-Georgia State University ukuze baqale umsebenzi kulokho. kwakuzoba umzila wokuqala wesizwe wamalungelo abantu. Babazi ukuthi izifundazwe zabo zinezimpawu eziyingqophamlando ezazikhumbula izigigaba ezibalulekile emzabalazweni wokulingana kwezinhlanga...benze uhlu lwezindawo eziyi-100 ezazibonakala zibaluleke kakhulu…Umzila, obizwa nge-US Civil Rights Trail, uzokwethulwa ngokusemthethweni emphakathini ngo-New. Usuku Lonyaka (usuku lubalulekile: NgoJan. 1, 1863, u-Abraham Lincoln wasayina iSimemezelo Sokukhululwa)”.

I-Bali Volcano Eqhuma

E-Ramzy, Ukuqhuma Kwentaba-mlilo yase-Bali Kubangela Ukuphuma Kwabantu Okwengeziwe, izikhathi eziningi (11/27/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “Izikhulu zase-Indonesia zithi abantu abangu-100,000 esiqhingini sase-Bali badinga ukukhishwa endaweni eyingozi ezungeze intaba-mlilo i-Mount Agung, eye yaqala ukuqhuma futhi yathumela amafu amnyama omlotha emoyeni… Umsebenzi wentaba-mlilo manje usezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu, futhi amathuba okuqhuma okukhulu ayakhula”.

Ngicela, Akukho Ukushaywa Kwenkunzi

E-Bull ebulala isivakashi sase-Argentina e-India: amaphoyisa, i-travelwirenews (11/19/2017) kuphawulwe ukuthi “Indoda yase-Argentina eholidini e-India ihlatshwe inkunzi yashona edolobheni elidumile lezivakashi e-Jaipur, kusho amaphoyisa NgeSonto. Umsolwa oneminyaka engu-29 ubudala ubehamba emgwaqeni eduze kwemakethe enkulu kaJapiur…ngesikhathi ehlaselwa futhi ilinyazwa kanzima yilesi silwane. 'Washaywa uphondo lwenkunzi entanyeni nasesiswini”.

I-Norwegian Reindeer Salani kahle

E-Libell, 'Kwakuwukugeza Ngegazi': Izitimela Zezimpahla Zibulala I-110 Reindeer e-Norway, nytimes (11/28/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “Kubulawe ama-reindeer angaphezu kwekhulu esikhathini esisodwa sezinsuku ezine yizitimela zezimpahla eziginqika. edlula eNorway, okwabangela ukuba kube nesikhalo sokuba ujantshi wezwe lonke wenze okwengeziwe ukuze uvikele izilwane. Sekukonke, kwashona ama-reindeer angu-110 ngesikhathi izitimela ezithwala impahla eziyisishiyagalombili zidlula imihlambi kujantshi ngesonto eledlule…Engozini embi kakhulu, kushone ama-reindeer angu-65 ngoMgqibelo”.

Smog: Ngikhathazeke ngani?

'Amehlo ami ayavutha': I-Delhi half marathon iqhubekela phambili naphezu kwe-smog, travelwirenews (11/19/2017) kuphawulwe ukuthi "Bangaphezu kuka-30,000 abantu, ezinye izifihla-buso zokungcola kwezemidlalo, baqunge isibindi ekuseni bagijima benqamula inhloko-dolobha yaseNdiya. nakuba cishe amasonto amabili entuthu eyingozi yaphoqa izikole ukuba zivale izinsuku ezimbalwa. (Abagijimi) baminyaniswe yintuthu… bengazinaki izexwayiso zezempilo ezivela kodokotela ababelwela umjaho owawuyimpikiswano enhlokodolobha engcoliswe kakhulu ukuthi uhlehliswe”.

Comfort Women Statue

E-Sisters ayisekho: Idolobha laseJapan lehla iSan Francisco ngenxa yesithombe 'sokududuza kwabesifazane', travelwirenews (11/24/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “Idolobha lase-Osaka eJapan lithe lizoqeda ubudlelwano balo beminyaka engama-60 neSan Francisco ngemuva idolobha laseCalifornia ligunyaze isifanekiso sokukhumbula 'abesifazane abaduduzayo'. Izigqila zocansi zazisetshenziswa ezindlini zamasosha aseJapan phakathi neMpi Yezwe II”.

Igolide Rush Ezweni Salmon

E-Jones, A Gold Rush in Salmon Country, nytimes (11/27/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “u-Eric uveze udaba lwePebble Mine. 'Kukwenza ufune ukulahla ithemba, akunjalo'… Ubekhuluma ngemizamo evuselelwe yokwakha imayini endaweni eyinhloko yezindawo zokugcina ama-salmon zasendle emhlabeni, eBristol Bay eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Alaska. I-Northern Dynasty Minerals, inkampani yaseCanada efuna ukwakha imayini, ilinganisela ukuthi ama-ounces egolide ayizigidi eziyi-100 ngaphansi kwendawo yokuzalanisa...Ama-Alaskan ayephume ngokumangazayo ngokumelene nesilinganiso...NgoMeyi 1, uScott Pruitt, umqondisi omusha we-EPA. ….yala ukuthi imithetho ye-EPA ichithwe, utshele inkampani ukuthi izoqhubeka nokuvuma. Futhi kanjalo, imayini yabe isibuyile ekudlaleni”.

Tiger On The Loose eParis

E-Escaped tiger ibeka kafushane iParis ku-lockdown, ebulawe ngabasebenzi baseCircus 2km ukusuka e-Eiffel Tower, travelwirenews (11/25/2017) kuphawulwe ukuthi “Ihlosi eliphunyuke esekisini laseParis labangela kafushane i-pandemonium enhliziyweni yenhloko-dolobha yaseFrance. Lesi silwane sidutshulwe sabulawa yizisebenzi zasesekisi, nokuyinto esuse ulaka kubahlali bendawo naku-inthanethi”.

I-Toilet Revolution yaseChina

E-China Ithembisa eminye iminyaka emithathu 'yoguquko lwezindlu zangasese' ukuze kuthuthukiswe ezokuvakasha, i-travelwirenews (11/19/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “i-China imemezele ngeSonto ihlela ukwakha nokuthuthukisa izindlu zangasese zomphakathi ezingu-64,000 phakathi kuka-2018 no-2020 njengengxenye 'yendlu yangasese. uguquko' okuhloswe ngalo ukuthuthukisa ezokuvakasha kanye nokuphakamisa igalelo lomkhakha ekukhuleni komnotho”.

I-Airbnb & Pillow

“Kwa-Airbnb, Uzakwethu Wokuhlala Umcamelo Wokwenza Ukwabelana Ngekhaya Emafulethini Kube Lula, travelwirenews (11/5/2017) kuphawulwe ukuthi “i-Airbnb ne-Pillow namuhla imemezele ubambiswano olusha oluzosekela abanikazi bezindlu nabaqashi abasebenzisa ikhaya labo ku-Airbnb. Ngaphansi kobambiswano olusha, i-Pillow Residential izoba uzakwethu okhethwayo wabanikazi bezindlu ababhalise ohlelweni lwe-Airbnb Lwezakhiwo Ezinobungane”.

Isikhumulo sezindiza saseMexico

E-Villegas & Malkin, Njengoba I-Mexico Yakha Isikhumulo Sezindiza Esiluhlaza Sekusasa, Amaphutha Akudala Adala, izikhathi eziningi (11/19/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “Esigodini sikasawoti esiyisicaba esake saba yiLake Texcoco enkulu yama-Aztec, eMexico ukwakha 'umnyango wayo emhlabeni', isikhumulo sezindiza esikhulu izifungo zikahulumeni ziyoba khona ngokuvumelana nemvelo…Futhi njengoba ukwakhiwa kuqhubeka…umzamo omenyezelwa kakhulu wokuvikela imvelo awukakabi namininingwane, kusho abagxeki, kangangokuthi uphakamisa imibuzo. yokwethembeka futhi empeleni ifihla ingozi yezikhukhula. Amaphutha adala amakhulu eminyaka mayelana nokuphathwa komhlaba namanzi kungenzeka aphindeke ngenxa yalokho, kusho uFernando Cordova Tapia, umhlaziyi weNational Autonomous University of Mexico owahola ithimba lososayensi elahlola isitatimende sikahulumeni sokuqala somthelela kwezemvelo”.

I-Eco Warriors yaseVietnam

E-Vietnam's eco warriors alwela ukuvikela indawo yokulondoloza imvelo ekuvakasheni kwabantu abaningi, i-travelwirenews (11/20/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “iDanang, Vietnam. Uhambo lwemizuzu eyi-10 ukusuka edolobheni, izintaba ezisogwini ezinamahlathi e-Son Tra nature reserve zigcwele izilwane zasendle. Kuyikhaya lezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaphezu kuka-1,000 kanye nezilwane ezicishe zibe ngu-400 futhi izakhamuzi zakhona ezidume kakhulu ziyi-red-shanked douc esengozini enkulu yokushabalala, eyaziwa nangokuthi inkawu egqoke izingubo ngenxa yemibala yayo egqamile”.

Ukuvikela Izindlovu Zethu

E-Shipstead, Kungani Singakwazi Ukuvikela Izindlovu?, nytimes (11/18/2017) kwaphawulwa ukuthi “Muva nje ngihlaselwe isithombe. Kuwo umama wendlovu nosana lwakhe bagijima bewela umgwaqo eNtshonalanga Bengal, eNdiya. Umama ubhekise ikhanda phansi nezindlebe phambili, ebheke endaweni ephephile ezihlahleni. Ibhola lomlilo linamathele onyaweni lwakhe lwesokudla; umsila wakhe ubonakala ucula. Imilenze yangemuva yengane igcwele amalangabi. Ngemuva, isixuku samadoda siyabaleka, amanye ame kancane aqhamuke ahlekise emahlombe awo. Bayisizathu somlilo. Bajikijele iziqhumane namabhola etiyela elivuthayo ezilwaneni… Kule minyaka engamashumi amabili edlule, inani labantu emhlabeni wonke lezindlovu zase-Asia nase-Afrika lehle kakhulu ngenxa yokuzingela ngokungemthetho, nokulahlekelwa indawo yokuhlala okubangelwa ukungenela kwabantu”.

Akuna Trophies, Ngicela

E-Cochrane. Okwamanje, uTrump Wokugcina Ukuvimbela Ukungeniswa Kwemiklomelo Yezindlovu, nytimes (11/18/2017) kuphawulwe ukuthi “uMongameli uTrump ngoLwesihlanu usichithile isinqumo sikahulumeni sokuvumela abazingeli ukuba bangenise izindebe zezindlovu ezabulawa emazweni amabili ase-Afrika, kusalindwe ukubuyekezwa okunye…'Misa isinqumo sendebe yomdlalo omkhulu kuze kube yilapho ngibuyekeza wonke amaqiniso okongiwa kwemvelo', kusho uMnu. Trump kuTwitter. 'Ngaphansi kokufunda iminyaka. Izobuyekeza maduze noNobhala uZinke. Ngiyabonga!".

Icala Lomthetho Wezokuvakasha Weviki

Ecaleni le-US Airways, iNkantolo yaphawula ukuthi “Ummangalelwa u-Saber usebenzisa isistimu yokusabalalisa umhlaba wonke futhi i-Saber ngokwayo ibizwa ngokuthi 'i-GDS'. I-Saber ingenye yama-GDS amathathu e-United States. Ama-GDS ahlinzeka ngamasevisi ekhompyutha avumela izinkampani zezindiza ezibamba iqhaza nabanye abahlinzeki bezokuvakasha ukuthi basabalalise, bahlele, imali yokugibela kanye nolwazi lokubhuka kubasebenzeli bezokuvakasha. Ama-GDS aphinde ahlinzeke ngezindlela zokuthi abasebenzeli bezokuvakasha baseshe, babhukhe futhi baphathe ukubhukha kwe-ravel. Ummangali i-US Izindiza ingenye yezinkampani zezindiza ezibamba iqhaza ohlelweni lokusabalalisa i-Saber. I-US Airways kanye ne-Saber bangena ezinkontilekeni ezilandelanayo lapho i-Saber isabalalisa ulwazi lwendiza ye-US Airways kanye nemali yokugibela kubasebenzeli bezokuvakasha ngohlelo lokusabalalisa lwe-Saber, futhi i-US Airways yakhokha i-Saber imali yokubhukha ngezinkonzo zayo noma nini lapho ithikithi le-US Airways lithengiswa nge-Sabre. Inkinga inkontileka yamaqembu eqale ukusebenza ngoFebhuwari 23, 2011″.

Umlando Webhizinisi le-GDS

“I-GDSs bekuyizinhlelo zokubhuka zekhompyutha ezivele zaphuma kulezo ezakhiwe inkampani yezindiza ukuze zizisebenzise yona kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1960. Lezi zinhlelo zenziwa zatholakala okokuqala kubasebenzeli bezokuvakasha maphakathi nawo-1970. Amasistimu ezinkampani zezindiza awanikezi kuphela izindiza zazo kanye nemali yokugibela, kodwa nalezo zezinye izinkampani zenethiwekhi ukuze zihehe abasebenzisi endaweni yabo. Njengoba amasistimu aqala ukusungulwa, izinkampani zezindiza zaqala ukukhokhisa ezinye izindleko zokubhuka zezindiza ngokubhukha okwenziwe ngenkundla yazo. Ngo-1984, uMnyango Wezobulungiswa kanye ne-Civil Aeronautics Board baphetha ngokuthi inkampani yezindiza izibandakanye emananini acwasayo futhi yaqala ukulawula izinhlelo zokubhuka”.

I-Airlines Divest Reservations Systems

“(Ngo-1992) izinkampani zezindiza zaqala ukuhlukana nebhizinisi lohlelo lokubhuka, zakha ama-GDS ayengazimele ngaphandle kwezinkampani zezindiza. Ama-GDS nawo ayehlanganisa futhi i-inthanethi yayisiqala ukushintsha indlela amathikithi endiza ayethengwa futhi adayiswe ngayo. I-DOT ithole ukuthi i-GDS ngayinye inamandla emakethe phezu kwezinkampani eziningi zezindiza ngenxa yokuthi abasebenzeli bezokuvakasha ngokuvamile 'abanomuzi oyedwa' futhi izindiza zazithembele kuma-GDS ukuze zifinyelele abenzeli bezokuvakasha bendabuko. Nokho, i-DOT ilindele ukuthi ubuchwepheshe obusha buzodala ukuncintisana okwanele emakethe yokusabalalisa amathikithi endiza ukuze kucekeleke phansi amandla emakethe ye-GDSs ngokuhamba kwesikhathi”.

Ibhizinisi le-GDS

“U-Sabre ungomunye wama-GDS amathathu kuphela e-United States, ene-Amadeus kanye ne-Travelport. I-Saber inkulu futhi ilawula ngaphezu kuka-50% wemakethe. Kusukela ekuhoxisweni komthetho, inani labaqhudelana ne-GDS lehlile lisuka kwezine laya kwabathathu. Ayikho i-GDS entsha engene emakethe kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1980. I-US Airways ilinganisela ukuthi amaphesenti angu-40 emali engenayo abhukhwe nge-Saber kanye namanye ama-25% ngamanye ama-GDS. Izikhungo zokuvakasha 'zezitini nodaka' zibhukha cishe nge-GDSs kuphela, Lezi zinkampani zezokuvakasha ziyizihambi eziyizinkampani, ezingamakhasimende anenani eliphakeme ezinkampanini zezindiza. Izinkampani Zokuvakasha zivame 'ikhaya elilodwa' nge-GDS eyodwa. Ngo-2011, u-94% wezindawo ze-ejensi yezokuvakasha…usebenzise i-GDS eyodwa. Ngenxa yokubamba umuntu oyedwa, i-US Airways kufanele ibambe iqhaza ku-GDS ngayinye ukuze ifinyelele abahambi bezinkampani ababenzeli bezokuvakasha babhukha nge-GDS. Ama-GDS azuza imali engenayo ngezinkokhelo zokubhuka ezikhokhwa izinkampani zezindiza nabanye abahlinzeki bezohambo. Ama-GDS awakhokhisi abenzeli bezokuvakasha ngamasevisi e-GDS, Esikhundleni salokho, izikhungo zezokuvakasha zithola izinkokhelo zokukhuthaza ezivela kuma-GDS kanye nezinkokhelo zekhomishini ezivela ezinhlanganweni zezindiza. Kusukela ngo-2006 kuya ku-2012, i-Saber yakhokha ngaphezulu kuka-$1.2 webhiliyoni emalini yokukhuthaza kubasebenzeli bokuvakasha. Uchwepheshe we-US Airways…ukhethe ukuthi lezi 'zinkokhelo zemihlomulo' zisebenzela ukugcina ama-ejenti ezokuhamba ethembekile ku-GDS ekhethiwe kodwa azizizuzisi izinkampani zezindiza”.

Izinhlinzeko Zenkontileka Ezinselele

“Imikhawulo ephonselwe inselelo, ihlangene ebizwa ngokuthi izinhlinzeko 'zokuqukethwe okugcwele'…njengoba ivela kumaqembu' Inkontileka ka-2011 yilena (1) Inhlinzeko 'Yokungakhokhisi Izaphulelo', okubuye kubhekwe kuyo ngokuthi 'isilinganiso', esivimbela i-US Airways ukuthi ingene. ukuhlinzeka ngemali yokugibela ephansi ngamashaneli, okungewona ama-Sabre…(2) Ilungiselelo elithi 'Akukho Nkokhiso', elivimbela i-US Airways ekushajeni noma ekuqoqeni kubasebenzeli bezokuvakasha imali noma amanani aphezulu okubhuka nge-Sabre... Inkontileka yathi i-US Airways 'izoba ungakhokhisi noma uqoqe kunoma yimuphi u-Saber Subscriber imali yesevisi nanoma iyiphi inkokhiso efanayo'. (3) Ukunikezwa 'Okungazuzi Kangcono', okudinga i-US Airways ukuthi inikeze ababhalisile be-Saber ukufinyelela 'ezinhlotsheni ezifanayo, amanani namazinga emikhiqizo, amasevisi...izinzuzo namalungelo' i-US Airways ewanika abasebenzisi banoma isiphi esinye isiteshi sokubhuka. (4) Ilungiselelo elithi 'No Direct Connects', elivimbela i-US Airways ekuyengeni abenzeli bezokuvakasha, kumakhasimende abo, ekuxhumaniseni ngokuqondile uhlelo lwabo lokubhuka nezinkampani zezindiza'…[I-US Airways] ngeke…ikhuthaze, iphromothe noma iyenge…Ababhalisile bakwaSabre ( noma amakhasimende abo) ukuze bagweme i-Saber GDS'”.

Ukuzama Ukugwema Lezi Zinhlinzeko

“Ngemuva kokuthi i-US Airways ihlanganiswe ne-America West Airline ngo-2005, inkampani yezindiza yazama ukugwema imingcele eyayinselele. Ekugcineni, i-US Airways yayingenayo enye indlela ngaphandle kokuzamukela...ngokwesaba ukususwa ku-Saber GDS noma ukuphindiselwa, isibonelo, 'ngokuchema' okusho ukuhlela kabusha imiphumela yosesho njengoba ivela ohlelweni ukuze kumiswe inkampani ethile yezindiza. ”.

Imakethe Efanelekile

“I-US Airways yethule ubufakazi obanele...ukuthi imakethe yomkhiqizo efanelekile iyimakethe yamasevisi e-GDS axhumanisa izinkampani zezindiza nabasebenzeli bezokuvakasha bendabuko ukuze zisize iningi labahambi bebhizinisi, kodwa ukuthi imakethe efanelekile ayifaki ezinye izindlela zokusabalalisa amathikithi endiza, njenge amawebhusayithi nama-ejensi wezokuvakasha aku-inthanethi (isb, i-Expedia, i-Travelocity)…ngoba abathengi abawabheki njengokuthatha indawo okunengqondo kwezinsizakalo ze-GDS.”

Imakethe Enohlangothi Olulodwa

“Ekuqulweni kwecala, ubufakazi babanele…ukuphetha…ukuthi imakethe efanele ngezinjongo ze-Count I yayicheme nohlangothi olulodwa, nakuba i-Saber kanye namanye ama-CDS kuyinkundla ezinhlangothi ezimbili…Lolu daba lwaba yisisekelo sempikiswano ye-US Airways yokuthi Izintengo eziphakeme kakhulu ze-Sabre, eziyisilinganiso sokulimala kwe-US Airways, kufanele zilinganiswe ngaphandle kokukhipha izinkokhelo ze-Sabre zokukhuthaza ukuhamba. Umqondo wokuchema-mbili kwezomnotho umusha futhi uyinkimbinkimbi…Kalula nje, '[a] inkundla enezinhlangothi ezimbili ihlinzeka ngezimpahla namasevisi emaqenjini amabili ahlukene amakhasimende adingana ngandlela thize futhi athembele endaweni yesikhulumi phakathi nendawo. ukuthengiselana phakathi kwabo' (icaphuna i-US v. Amex, 838 F. 3d 179 (2d Cir. 2016))…Ukubamba okufanelekile kwe-Amex ngezinjongo zaleli cala ukuthi, lapho izinhlangothi ezimbili zenkundla zincike kwelinye, ngaphandle kohlangothi olulodwa. kusuka emakethe efanele ngeke kulunge”.

Ukuvinjelwa Kwezohwebo Ngokungenangqondo (Umthetho Wesizathu)

“Ubufakazi ecaleni banele uku…(ukuthola) ukuthi 'u-Sabre unqande ngokungafanele ukuhweba ngezinhlinzeko zenkontileka eziphonselwe inselelo'…I-US Airways yethula ubufakazi obuqondile ecaleni… bokuthi imingcele ephonselwe inselelo ibe nomthelela omubi emakethe iyonke Izinsizakalo ze-GDS-ngokusebenzisa amanani entengo aphakeme noma ikhwalithi ephansi...Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-US Airways yethule ubufakazi obanele (ukukhombisa) ukuthi imikhawulo yenkontileka ibe nomthelela ongemuhle emakethe yezinsizakalo ze-GDS ezisetshenziswa izinkampani zezindiza...I-US Airways yethule ubufakazi bokuthi i-Saber inamandla emakethe. …(kanye) nokuthi imikhawulo yenkontileka iphakamise imigoqo ekungeneni futhi yehlisa ukukhetha kwabathengi…Kafushane, i-US Airways yethule ubufakazi bokulimala kokuncintisana”.

Ezinye Izindlela Ezikhawulelwe Kancane

“I-US Airways yethule ubufakazi bezinye izindlela ezimbalwa okungenzeka zibe nemingcele engaphansi ukuze abenzeli bezokuvakasha baqhathanise futhi babhukhe amathikithi endiza ngendlela efanele ngaphandle kwemibandela yokuqukethwe egcwele (ehlanganisa): ukuvumela izinkampani zezindiza zenze inkokhiso kumathikithi abhukhwe nge-Saber ukuze abonise izindleko eziphakeme zokubhukha. isiteshi...noma i-Saber ishaja ngokuhlukene ukusesha nokubhuka...Inkokhelo eyengeziwe ingavumela inkampani yezindiza ukuthi ibuyise ezinye zezindleko eziphakeme zokubhuka nge-Saber nezintengo eziphansi kubahambi ababhukha ngamashaneli abiza kancane...Lezi zindlela ezihlukile zizovumela ukuncintisana okukhulu ngokuvumela izinkampani zezindiza ukuthi ukudlulisa ukonga okuvela ezindlekweni eziphansi zokubhukha kumakhasimende abo nokuvumela abaqhudelana nabo ukuthi bahlukanise imikhiqizo yabo ngezindleko. Lokhu kungase kugqugquzele ukusungulwa okusha kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nekhwalithi”.

Isiphetho

“Ubufakazi babanele (ukuthola) bokuthi i-US Airways 'ilimele ngenxa yokuvinjelwa okungenangqondo kwe-Sabre kwezohwebo' (kanye nomonakalo oqhubekayo wama-$5,098,142 noma u-$15,294,426 ngemva kokuzamazama komhlaba”.

Umbhali, uThomas A. Dickerson, uyi-Associate Justice esethathe umhlalaphansi ye-Appellate Division, uMnyango Wesibili weNkantolo Ephakeme YaseNew York State futhi ubelokhu ebhala ngeTravel Law iminyaka engama-41 kubandakanya nezincwadi zakhe zomthetho ezivuselelwa minyaka yonke, iTravel Law, i-Law Journal Press. (2016), Litigating International Torts in US Courts, Thomson Reuters WestLaw (2016), Class Actions: The Law of 50 States, Law Journal Press (2016) kanye nezindatshana zomthetho ezingaphezu kuka-400 eziningi zazo ezitholakala ku-nycourts.gov/courts/ 9jd / taxcertatd.shtml. Ukuze uthole izindaba ezengeziwe zomthetho wezokuvakasha nentuthuko, ikakhulukazi emazweni angamalungu e-EU bheka i-IFTTA.org

Lo mbhalo awunakukhiqizwa kabusha ngaphandle kwemvume kaThomas A. Dickerson.

Funda kabanzi mayelana noJsebenzisa izindatshana zikaDickerson lapha.

Ukuze uthole izindaba ezengeziwe zomthetho wokuvakasha nentuthuko, ikakhulukazi, emazweni angamalungu e-EU bheka i-IFTTA.org