I-Rum ingaphezu kwesiphuzo esinomoya

I-Rum inabagangi abasha abazongena endaweni yemakethe

Iramu. Ekuqaleni

I-Rum ingaphezu kwesiphuzo esinomoya. URum udlale indima ebalulekile emnothweni wezwe nakwezepolitiki. I-Rum isetshenziswe njengohlobo lwemali, njengengxenye yemikhuba yezenkolo, uphawu oluhlotshaniswa nokuziphatha okuxekethile phakathi kwama-Temperance crusaders, futhi njengengxenye enempilo yombuso wokudla nesiphuzo we-British Navy.

I-Rum yayiyi-export enkulu evela e-New England yamakoloni futhi ibe yingxenye ebalulekile yemiphakathi yamabhizinisi. Yagcoba izinqubo zamasiko, nezomnotho ezadala futhi zabhebhethekisa ukuhweba ngezigqila, zaqala ukuvukela umbuso ngokumelene nokaputeni ababekugodlile kanye nababusi ababezama ukukulawula. I-Rum ibigujwa ngababhali, isetshenziswa osopolitiki ekwenzeni amathosi, futhi inikeze induduzo nemivuzo kubasebenzi abagawula umoba futhi, ngemuva kokuwuphuza, babuyela emasimini bayokwenza i-rum eyengeziwe.

Kuze kube yikhulu lama-21

Umoba waqala ukutshalwa ePapua, eNew Guinea, futhi waqala ukuvutshelwa ngo-350 BC eNdiya lapho iziphuzo zazisetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko njengomuthi. Yalinywa yayiswa e-Afrika, naseSpain. Ngawo-1400 abahloli bamazwe bavula imizila yokuhweba futhi iziqhingi ezikude zanikeza izimo zezulu ezikahle zokutshala umoba futhi babekwazi ukuthola amanzi amaningi. E-Azores, iziQhingi zaseCanary kanye nezigqila zaseCaribbean zazisebenza.

Izigqila zase-Afrika zamukela izinhlobo eziningi zokukhokha ukuze zinikeze izigqila kumakoloni aseYurophu futhi inkokhelo eyayifunwa kakhulu kwakuwutshwala. I-Barbados, ekuqaleni kwawo-1600, yayinesimo sezulu esikahle somoba, kanye nomhloli wamazwe Richard Ligon baletha ubuchwepheshe bomoba obuvela eBrazil, kuhlanganise nemishini, izigqila, namasu okukhipha isisu esiqhingini. Sibonga i-Ligon, eminyakeni engaphansi kwe-10 ososhukela baseBarbados baba abanye abacebe kakhulu emhlabeni, ngemboni echumayo kashukela kanye ne-rum.

Maphakathi nekhulu le-17 (1655) u-Admiral Penn wemikhumbi yemikhumbi yaseBrithani wathumba iJamaica esuka eSpanishi futhi washintsha isabelo sikabhiya ukuze singene esikhundleni somoya womoba owenziwe endaweni. Lapho eshiya i-Jamaica, wathola ukuthi i-rum yayinenzuzo engokwemvelo yokuhlala imnandi kumphongolo izikhathi ezinde kunamanzi noma ubhiya.

Ngekhulu le-18 (1731) Ibhodi Lamanzi lenza i-rum ukudla okusemthethweni kwansuku zonke, iphayinti elilodwa lewayini noma uhhafu wephayinti leramu okufanele likhishwe ngamanani amabili alinganayo nsuku zonke. Kwakuyilungelo futhi kuyilungelo eliyigugu elibavikele ekuhlaziyweni nasebunyameni bempilo yamagagasi olwandle. Ngekhulu le-19 (1850) i-rum ration yalungiswa endaweni eyisishiyagalombili yephayinti yaze yaqedwa ngo-1970.

Udaba lokugcina lweNavy lwenzeka ngoJulayi 31, 1970, olwaziwa ngokuthi “I-Black Tot Day” kanye ne-First Sea Lord yaphawula, “inani elikhulu phakathi nosuku lalingewona umuthi ongcono kakhulu walabo okwakufanele baphathe izimfihlakalo ze-elekthronikhi zeNavy. .”

Yini iRum

I-Rum ikhiqizwa emazweni angaphezu kuka-80 futhi inhlanganisela eyingqayizivele itholakala e-Afrika, e-Asia, eNingizimu Melika, e-Caribbean, ePhilippines, e-United States, eYurophu namazwe aseScandinavia. Muva nje izinguqulo ezindala ze-rum zibuye zavakashelwa futhi zaklanywa kabusha futhi abaningi manje bathola ihlombe elifanayo nokucatshangelwa njenge-whisky ye-Scotch enhle ephawula ukuthi i-rum iyinkimbinkimbi njengewayini.

Uhlobo oluyisisekelo kakhulu lwerum ujusi kamoba omsulwa obilisiwe futhi obizwa ngokuthi i-Rhum Agricole noma i-Cachaca bese ukhiqizwa eBrazil kanye nasemakoloni aseFrance angaphambili. Ama-boutique distillers kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba manje andisa izitayela zawo futhi asebenzisa lo mkhiqizo we-morphed ukungena ezimakethe ezintsha.

Alikho igama elijwayelekile elamukelwayo legama elithi rums elisuselwe kujusi kamoba nakuba ama-distillers e-French Caribbean bephikisana ngokuthi imikhiqizo yabo kuphela okufanele ibizwe ngokuthi i-Rhum Agricole futhi umthetho wase-Brazil uthi i-Cachaca ingakhiqizwa kulelo zwe kuphela.

I-cane rum ingenziwa kuphela lapho izitshalo zikashukela sezivuthiwe futhi zikhiqiza ijusi entsha; kodwa-ke, ama-rum asuselwa ku-molasses angenziwa unyaka wonke ngemikhiqizo egciniwe. Ama-distillers asebenzisa ama-molasses njengento eluhlaza cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthi asebenzise igama lesiFulentshi lama-rums awo, i-Rhum Industriel.

I-Molasses iwudaka olusele kujusi kamoba obilisiwe ngemva kokuba ushukela oyikristale usukhishiwe. Okungenziwanga irum kungase kufakwe ebhodleleni ukuze kusetshenziswe ukupheka noma kwengezwe ekudleni kwezilwane. I-molasses eluhlaza inokunambitheka okuningi kuye ngokuthi umoba, inhlabathi, nesimo sezulu.

Ama-rum distillers akhetha ukusebenzisa imiphongolo eyayisetshenziselwa iwayini ngaphambili noma i-bourbon ukuze afake umkhiqizo wawo nge-flavour eyinkimbinkimbi ngesikhathi sokuguga; amanye amazwe adinga ukuthi i-rum ibekwe ngaphansi kwezinyanga eziyi-8 ukuze kuthiwe isikhulile; ezinye zidinga iminyaka emi-2 kanti ezinye azibeki imihlahlandlela.

I-distillation inqubo yokugxilisa ama-essence engxubeni ebilile ebizwa ngokuthi i-wort futhi ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi izazi ze-alchemists zama-Arab ne-Persian zeNkathi Ephakathi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kucatshangelwa kwachithwa ngesikhathi kutholwa i-terracotta ephelele emnyuziyamu e-Taxila, ePakistan. Le alembic still (ekuqaleni yayisetshenziswa eminyakeni engu-5000 edlule), iyibhodwe lobumba elinesivalo sedome eline-spout ekhishwayo ethululela endishini emboziwe futhi okwamanje itholakala endaweni yokukhiqiza izitsha zesimanje.

AmaRums Thola Ibanga

Amanye ama-rum akhombisa okuthandwa kwasendaweni kanti amanye aqondiswe emakethe yomhlaba. Ibanga nokuhluka kuncike ezindaweni: 

o I-Rum emhlophe noma ecacile. Iningi lithengiswa ngobufakazi obungama-80 (amaphesenti angu-40 utshwala ngevolumu); ngokuvamile uneminyaka engu-1+; kuhlungiwe ukuze kukhishwe umbala.

o Iramu Legolide noma Eliphaphathekile. Ngokuvamile ubudala iminyaka eminingana; Umbala ungase wengezwe ukuze unikeze ukungaguquguquki; bheka ukunambitheka okucashile kwe-vanilla, i-almond, i-citrus, i-caramel noma ukhukhunathi kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lombhobho osetshenziswa ekugugeni.

o I-Rum Emnyama. Ukuguga njalo emiphongolweni ye-oki isikhathi eside; inambitheka kakhulu kunama-rum amhlophe, i-Rum engamelani ngokweqile futhi mhlawumbe nezinongo.

o Irumu Elimnyama. Kwenziwe kusuka ku-molasses; igcina okuningi kwe-molasses ecebile kanye ne-caramel flavour; ingase ibe nombala nge-caramel eshisiwe ukuze kuzuzwe ukuvumelana kwe-hue; kubalulekile ekubhakeni nasekwenzeni uswidi; iletha amakhekhe, amaswidi, ama-dessert, namasoso ama-flavour anesibindi; imiphongolo ivame ukushiswa noma iqhunyiswe kakhulu idlulise ukunambitheka okunamandla kwezinkuni oketshezini.

o I-Navy Rum. AmaRum amnyama endabuko, agcwele umzimba ahlotshaniswa neBritish Royal Navy.

o I-Premium Aged Rum. Ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi “Anejo” ezindaweni zeSpanishi; ujabulele ukucoceka noma emadwaleni; thatha imibala emnyama futhi ecebile ngenxa yesikhathi esichithwa emiphongolweni; ingaqukatha izitatimende e-US nakwamanye amazwe ezibhekisela eminyakeni yobudala ebhekisela ku-rum encane ekuhlanganisweni.

o I-Vintage Rum. Amaramu amaningi athengiswayo ase-US ahlanganiswe emithonjeni eminingi ngaphambi kokufaka amabhodlela; amanye ama-rums ayingqayizivele afakwe emabhodleleni kusukela eminyakeni ethile ye-vintage yokukhiqiza; ebhalwe ngonyaka agaywa ngawo kanye nendawo yemvelaphi yawo.

o Ukuvikela ngokweqile. AmaRum amaningi athengiswayo e-US angu-80-100 ubufakazi (amaphesenti angu-40-50 utshwala).

o Rhum Agricole. Kubiliswe futhi kugaywe kujusi kamoba ohlanzekile; kuhlanjululwe cishe kumaphesenti angama-70 wotshwala okuvumela iRhum ukuthi igcine ukunambitheka okwengeziwe kwejusi yomoba; Isigaba esithile se-Rhum senziwa ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zase-French ze-Caribbean, ikakhulukazi i-Martinique.

o Rhum Vieux. I-rum yaseFrance endala

Uthembekile. Ubuholi beRum Professional

U-Eric Holmes Kaye onesizinda somculo nokukhangisa, no-Maura Gedid, onolwazi ebudlelwaneni babatshalizimali kanye nokuxhumana kwezinkampani, baletha izizinda eziyingqayizivele embonini ye-Rum/spirits. Uthando lwabo lwe-rums kanye nesifiso esinganeliseki sokuhlangenwe nakho okusha kokunambitheka kwenza ama-neophyte kanye nabazinikele e-rum bakwazi ukukhululeka okusha nokuhlukile kwe-Rum ngemizamo yabo yezamabhizinisi besebenzisa i-Holmes Cay Rum. Nge-Holmes Cay, abathengi bayakwazi ukuthola ama-rum edition anomkhawulo ahlanganisa ukuxutshwa okukhethekile okuvela ezindaweni eziningi ezihlanganisa iNingizimu Afrika neFiji,

I-Holmes Cay ikhipha ama-rums enguqulo ekhawulelwe yeqoqo elincane angcono kakhulu agaywe futhi afakwe emabhodleleni ngaphandle kwezithasiselo. Ama-Single Cask editions amadala ku-casks futhi ama-Single Origin editions ahlanganisa ama-casks amaningi nezitayela zokukhiqiza ukuze kwakhe izinkulumo zangempela ezivela endaweni yokugaya noma isifunda.

Ukuze ujabulele iqoqo le-Holmes Cay, susa ngokushesha yonke imibono yangaphambilini yokuthi i-Rum iyini, ayikho, kanye/noma okungenzeka ukuthi iyini. Vula amehlo akho, ikhala, umlomo, kanye nesimo sengqondo, futhi ulungele i-Rum Transformation:

1. Mhoba 2017 South Africa. I-Rum yaseNingizimu Afrika yokuqala idayiswa e-United States. Bheka iphunga likashukela likamoba elihlanganiswe nokunambitheka kukaphayinaphu othosiwe, upelepele omhlophe, nesithelo sasezindaweni ezishisayo okuthuthukiswe isiphakamiso sefennel. Ukuqeda okumaphakathi kuyisimangaliso esiba esiyingqayizivele nakakhulu ngokumelene nesizinda sentuthu.

2. I-Fiji Rum. 2004 I-Single Origin Edition. Lena inhlanganisela yebhodwe elisuselwe kumolasi elidala kancane kanye nama-rums afakwe ikholomu agayiwe asuka e-South Pacific Distilleries e-Lautoka, e-Fiji. Ifakwe emabhodleleni ngaphandle kokuphinga ngaphezu kokwengezwa kwamanzi futhi ifakwe eqoqweni elincane lamabhodlela angu-2260. Qaphela njengoba i-Fiji Rum ifakwe ebhodleleni ebufakazini obuphakeme kunama-rum ahlanganisiwe.

Umbala ophuzi okhanyayo uchaza umuzwa wamehlo. Okugqamile kwe-Aroma kusika utshani obusikiwe, okusawolintshi (ikakhulukazi okukalamula kalamula, nekhasi lewolintshi elibabayo), izinalithi zikaphayini, nopelepele buvuza ikhala kuyilapho ulwanga luzwa ama-clove noju kanye nokuqeda okumangazayo (?) – ukuthintwa utshani nopelepele.

3. Uitvlgut. 2003. Guyana. Amabhokisi amane kuphela (amabhodlela angama-858) ale Rum akhiqiziwe. Ikhule iminyaka engu-2 e-Guyana kanye neminyaka engu-16 e-UK emabhokisini e-ex-bourbon ngaphambi kokufakwa ebhodleleni emgqonyeni wobufakazi obuyi-102 eNew York State ngo-2012.

Iphunga/ukunambitheka okuyingqayizivele kwenziwa ngaphandle koshukela, umbala, noma okunye ukunambitheka; afakwe emabhodleleni afaka umphongolo, noma amaphesenti angama-51 utshwala ngokwevolumu.

Ikholomu esekelwe ku-molasses, i-rum namanje ihambisa iphunga elimnandi elinoju lwegolide olukhanyiswe ngephunga lamanzi olwandle. Ulwanga luthola izithelo zasezindaweni ezishisayo ezivuthwe ngokweqile, ama-alimondi, amakhambi, nokhokho.

© UDkt. Elinor Garely. Lesi sihloko se-copyright akumele senziwa kabusha ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliwe evela kumbhali.