Umshayeli wendiza obongelwe ngokuhlalisa indiza ekhubazekile e-Hudson River eNew York ngenyanga edlule uthe ukwehla kwezindleko embonini yezindiza zaseMelika kungase kubeke engcupheni ukuphepha kwabagibeli kanye nekhwalithi yezindiza eziqashwa abathwali.
"Ngikhathazekile ngokuthi umsebenzi wokushayela izindiza ngeke ukwazi ukuqhubeka nokuheha abahamba phambili nabakhanya kakhulu," u-Chesley B. "Sully" Sullenberger III, ukapteni kwa-US Airways Group Inc., etshela abenzi bomthetho ebufakazini namuhla.
Izinkampani zezindiza bezihlanganisa imisebenzi ukuze zibhekane nokwehla kwesidingo sokuhamba ngesikhathi sokwehla komnotho, kanti uSullenberger uthe iholo lakhe lehliswe ngamaphesenti angama-40 eminyakeni yamuva nje. Ukugwetshwa kukaJan. 15, lapho bonke ababehamba endizeni basinda khona, kukhombisa isidingo sokuqeqeshwa kanye nolwazi lokuthi ukuncipha kungase kucekeleke phansi, kusho uSullenberger.
Kungase kube "nemiphumela emibi emphakathini ondizayo nasezweni lethu" uma izindiza ziqhutshwa abashayeli bezindiza abanolwazi oluncane futhi "abangekho ngokwanele" ababalulekile, esho.
“Isipiliyoni samanje kanye namakhono abashayeli bezindiza bezwe lethu abangochwepheshe kuvela ekutshalweni kwezimali okwenziwe eminyakeni edlule lapho sakwazi ukuheha abantu ababenesifiso sokuvelela, abanamakhono manje abavame ukufuna imisebenzi ekhokhelwayo enenzuzo” kwenye indawo, kusho u-Sullenberger.
U-Sullenberger kanye nabasebenzi balandisa ngokuhlehla kwengozi yeCongress, njengoba kwenza u-Patrick Harten, umlawuli wethrafikhi yomoya ophethe ukusuka esikhumulweni sezindiza saseNew York's LaGuardia ngenkathi indiza yehla.
Okubalulekile Ukuqeqesha
UHarten uthe ucabange ukuthi indiza kanye nabagibeli bayo balahlekile ngesikhathi uSullenberger ememezela ukuthi uzozama ukuhlala emanzini.
"Abantu abasindi lapho befika emfuleni i-Hudson," kusho uHarten. “Ngangikholelwa ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi ngangizoba umuntu wokugcina ukukhuluma nanoma ubani kuleyo ndiza ephila.”
Indiza yase-US Airways, ebithwele abantu abangu-155, iphelelwe amandla ngemuva kokusuka. INational Transportation Safety Board ithe kule nyanga izinsalela zehansi zaseCanada zitholwe kuzo zombili izinjini, zisekela izitatimende zabashayeli bezindiza zokuthi indiza yashayisa izinyoni. Ilungu le-NTSB, uSteven Chealander, uthe le nhlangano kungenzeka ingazi ukuthi ishaye izinyoni ezingaki.
"Lesi sigameko sibonisa ukubaluleka kokuqeqeshwa nokuzilungiselela," kusho uSihlalo weKomidi elincane le-House Aviation uJerry Costello, i-Illinois Democrat. U-Costello namanye amalungu ephaneli bancome abasebenzi ngezenzo zabo ku-Hudson.
USullenberger, 58, usebenze eTempe, e-Arizona-based US Airways kusukela ngo-1980, ngokusho kwesizindalwazi senkampani yezindiza. Ungumshayeli wangaphambili we-Air Force fighter.
"Umele indiza ehamba phambili," kusho uJames Oberstar, usihlalo wekomidi lezokuthutha eHouse kanye neMinnesota Democrat. "ULindbergh angaziqhenya ngawe."
Khokha Ukuncishiswa
I-US Airways yafaka isicelo sokuqothuka kweSahluko 11 ngo-2002 futhi yaphuma ekuvikelweni yinkantolo ngo-2003. Yafaka isicelo sokuqothuka okwesibili ngoSepthemba 2004, futhi yavela ngoSepthemba 2005 ngokuhlanganiswa kwayo ne-America West Holdings Corp.
I-US Airways yanqamula izinhlelo zayo zempesheni ngo-2005, ngaphambi kokuba ishiye phansi imali, futhi i-Pension Benefit Guaranty Corp. yaba umphathiswa wezinhlelo. Inkampani yezindiza ithole imali engaphezu kwezigidigidi eziyi-1.1 ngonyaka ngomsebenzi, amaholo kanye nokuncishiswa kwezinzuzo ezinyunyaneni zayo ngenkathi iqothuka.
"Iholo lami lehliswe ngamaphesenti angama-40," kusho uSullenberger. “Impesheni yami, njengeningi lempesheni yenkampani yezindiza, inqanyuliwe futhi esikhundleni sayo kwafakwa isiqiniseko se-PBGC esibiza amasenti kuphela ngedola.”
Amaholo omshayeli
Ukaputeni we-US Airways ohola kakhulu futhi ondiza i-Airbus SAS A320 uthola umholo oyisisekelo okungenani ongu-$125 ngehora futhi undize okungenani amahora angu-72 ngenyanga, ngo-$9,000 ngenyanga, ngokusho kwe-airlinepilotcentral.com, esiza abashayeli bezindiza ngokuthuthuka emsebenzini. . Isikhulu sokuqala esineminyaka engu-12 endizeni efanayo sihola u-$85 ngehora, noma u-$6,120 ngenyanga. Abashayeli bezindiza abandizisa izindiza ezinkulu emizileni yamazwe ngamazwe bakhokhelwa ngamanani aphezulu.
Izinkampani ezithwala impahla eziyi-9 ezinkulu zase-US zithuthele ngonyaka odlule ukuze zithole amajethi angu-460 futhi zanciphisa imisebenzi engu-26,000 njengoba amanani kawoyela enyukela kurekhodi. Intengo kaphethiloli wendiza, ecolisiswa ekubeni ingcolile, yehle ngamaphesenti angama-72 kusukela ngenani eliphakeme likaJulayi, okwenze ukuthi abahlaziyi balinganisele ngenzuzo ehlangene ka-2009 ezoba ngeyokuqala embonini ekuwohlokeni komnotho.
Ngokwehlukana, owayengumhloli jikelele woMnyango WezokuThutha uthe abalawuli baseMelika bakhombise "i-inertia esemthethweni" ngokwehluleka ukusebenzisa izincomo zokuphepha kwendiza, okubandakanya lezo ezikuma-turboprops kanye ne-icing.
UMary Schiavo, osengummeli wethimba labameli bezokuphepha abahlela ukumangalela iFederal Aviation Administration yomnyango, uthe abalawuli basamile ezindleleni ebezingasiza ekuvimbeni izingozi. Ukugxekwa, le nhlangano ekuphikisayo, kuza esikhathini esingaphansi kwamasonto amabili ngemuva kokuba indiza iPinnacle Airlines Corp. yehle ngaphansi kwezimo ezibandayo eduze kwaseBuffalo, eNew York, kwashona abantu abangu-50.
Icala elifuna ukuphoqa i-FAA ukuthi yenze ngokuvumelana nezincomo zeNational Transportation Safety Board lizofakwa namuhla enkantolo yombuso eWashington, kusho uSchiavo izolo.
