Ukuboniswa komhlaba okungakaze kubonwe e-UNESCO Heritage Heritage Medina Al Azahara Cordoba

Ngesikhathi seseshini yama-42 yeKomidi Lamagugu Omhlaba eManama, eBahrain, kulo nyaka kusukela ngoJuni 24 kuya kuJulayi 4, 2018, indawo yokuvubukula ekuqaleni kwesakhiwo ngo-936 eMedina Azahara, eCordoba, yengezwe ohlwini lwamasiko. amasayithi e-UNESCO World Heritage aqala ukusebenza ngoJulayi 1, 2018.

Kodwa buyini ukubaluleka kwalesi sakhiwo?

I-Medina Azahara iyindawo yemivubukulo enkulu kunazo zonke eSpain enamahektha ayi-112 odonga olubiyelwe. Nakuba kumbiwe amaphesenti angu-10 kuphela wendawo yasendulo, umlingo ozwakalayo ukhona kuleyo ndawo.

Isithombe © E. Lang

Izincwadi zomlando zibhala ukuthi iMedina Azahara (iMadinat al-Zahra) yayiyisibonelo esihle kakhulu sobukhazikhazi be-Al-Andalus - idolobha ubuhle balo obungeqhathaniswe nanoma yimuphi omunye emhlabeni. Ngokusho kwenganekwane, yavela endabeni yothando, futhi enye indaba yezimpi yabhubhisa iminyaka engu-70 kuphela kamuva.

Isikhungo esingokomlando saseCordoba, eSpain, singesinye esikhulu kunazo zonke zohlobo lwaso eYurophu, okwenza idolobha laseCordoba lihluke emhlabeni.

Isithombe © E. Lang

Kodwa yini enye eyenza uKordoba so special?

Okokuqala, kulula ukufika usuka eMadrid ngehora nesigamu ngesitimela se-AVE esinesivinini esikhulu. Isimo sezulu sihlala sisihle kunezindawo eziningi eziseduze, ikakhulukazi phakathi nezinyanga zasebusika lapho iMadrid igqoka ubuso obumpunga namajazi aminyene asebusika, kuyilapho uCordoba egeza elangeni nasezihlahleni zamawolintshi.

Isikhungo esingokomlando saseCordoba sinenqwaba yezikhumbuzo ezigcina iminonjana emikhulu yezikhathi zamaRoma, ama-Arabhu, nezamaKristu, futhi kulula ukuzithola zonke ngezinyawo.

Izithombe © E. Lang

Ukwengezwa kwakamuva kokuhlukile kwayo ukuthi ibizwa ngokuthi iNdawo yesine yamagugu e-UNESCO yaseCordoba. Ngeshwa, nokho, noma ngubani ofuna ukuthola imininingwane eyengeziwe ngalo mqhele omuhle we-UNESCO World Heritage akakwazi ukuthola lutho ngesiNgisi. Okunye okushodayo wukumenyezelwa komcimbi omkhulu wamasiko ozokuba okokuqala emlandweni ngeSonto elizayo eMedina Azahara. Ngakho-ke, lapha sesiphinde sahamba ngendlela endala yokuxhumana - ngokubhala nje.

I-Medina Azahara, esendaweni engamakhilomitha angu-7 ukusuka eCordoba, ikhombisa ubukhazikhazi bedolobha elakhiwe egqumeni elinezigodlo ezinhle kakhulu, izinkantolo nezingadi emhlabeni.

U-Maria Dolores Gaitan, Umdlali Wopiyano, Umsunguli & Nesiqondiso Sobuciko I-FIP Guadalquivir Festival

Ngenxa yombono ka-Maria Dolores Gaitan, ongumdlali wopiyano kanye noMqondisi kanye noMsunguli we-FIP Guadalquivir María Dolores Gaitán Sánchez, uhlelo lwesi-9 lwe-FIP Guadalquivir Festival luzobanjwa kusukela ngo-September 19 -30, 2018. Lo nyaka uzoba nomculo ongakaze ubonwe ngo- I-Al-Zahra - ikhonsathi yokuqala ngqa kanye nomcimbi wamasiko ozobanjelwa endaweni ye-UNESCO yamagugu omhlaba.

Le khonsathi engajwayelekile, esuselwe ezincekwini zomculo zendabuko ezinolimi lomculo lwesimanje olubuyekeziwe, ihlanganisa ukuzizwisa okukodwa kokuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinsimbi zomculo ezidlala izingoma eziqanjiwe.

Lo mcimbi okhethekile uzophinde ubonise ukusebenza kokuqala kwe-“Rhapsody of Yigdal Elohim” okugqugquzelwe izingoma ze-cordobés Maimónides - izingoma ezingakaze zilotshwe kuze kube namuhla futhi zihlelelwe lolu hlobo lokuhlanganisa. Kuzoba futhi uNdunankulu we-"Scheherezade" ka-Rimsy Korsakov, ebhalwe futhi yaguqulelwa uhlobo olusha lomculo, kuchaza uMaria Dolores Gaitan.

Ikhonsathi e-Mezquita, Cordoba – Isithombe © E. Lang

Ukusebenza kwe-“Al-Zahra Emculweni,” okuyigama elihlanganisa isiko, ukwenziwa kwesimanjemanje, kanye nokwamazwe ngamazwe, ukunikeza ukuphila kuyigugu lemivubukulo i-Medina Azahara okuphinde kube isizinda lapho izahluko eziningi zomlando womculo waseCordoba zakhiwe khona, wabelane ngoMaria Dolores Gaitan.

U-Maria usebenzisa izilungiselelo ezihlonishwayo kakhulu edolobheni: I-Mosque Cathedral, Isinagoge, Isigodlo sase-Viana, i-Góngora Theatre, kanye ne-Medina Azahara ngokwayo njengendawo yemicimbi yasendlini nevulekile kulo lonke idolobha.

Lapho ngikhuluma noGaitan, owayeqondise wonke umsebenzi, ngafunda ukuthi kwakuyindaba enkulu kakhulu ukwenza konke lokhu kwenzeke, njengoba zonke izinto zokusebenza, amathuluzi, nezihlalo, kuhlanganise nezixazululo zenhlanzeko, kwakudingeka zingeniswe futhi zifakwe endaweni yokusebenzela. isayithi lemivubukulo yale khonsathi. Lokhu kwenziwe kwaba nokwenzeka kuphela ngabatshalizimali abazimele, izingqondo ezikhuthazayo, nababonisi bemibono.

UGaitan uyakunakile ukubuka izibikezelo zezulu zekhonsathi ezayo evulekile, futhi kuze kube manje akaboni mafu esibhakabhakeni ngempelasonto ezayo, namazinga okushisa athembisayo angu-33 Celsius endaweni edayisiwe. I-FIP Guadalquivir izovala ngekhonsathi yokugcina ngaphakathi kweMesquita yaseCordoba ngeSonto, Septhemba 30.

Ngo-1984, i-UNESCO yabhalisa iMosque-Cathedral yaseCórdoba njengendawo yamagugu omhlaba. I-Cordoba Mosque enkulu yenziwe yafana neyaseDamaseku futhi iwumsebenzi wobuciko wangempela.

Ngo-711 AD, iCordoba - njengakwamanye amadolobha amaningi ase-Andalusia - yanqotshwa amaMoors. Baphendula leli dolobha laba isizinda samasiko, elinama-mosque nezigodlo eziningi. Inkathi yenkazimulo enkulu kaCordoba yaqala ngekhulu lesi-8 ngemva kokunqotshwa kwamaMoor.

Umshayi wopiyano womhlaba u-Leslie Howard osencwadini ye-Guiness Book of World Records enama-CD angaphezu kwe-100 emisebenzi ka-Franz Liszt – Isithombe © E. Lang

Ngaphandle komtapo wolwazi omkhulu, idolobha belivale ama-mosque angaphezu kuka-300 kanye nenqwaba yezigodlo nezakhiwo zokuphatha.

Ngo-766, iCordoba yayiyinhloko-dolobha ye-Muslim Caliphate yase-Al-Andalus, kwathi ngekhulu le-10, njengoba kwenza iCaliphate yaseCórdoba, yayisingelinye lamadolobha athuthuke kakhulu emhlabeni, elaziwa ngesiko, ukufunda, nezenkolo. ukubekezelelana.

Phakathi kwamanye amatshe esikhumbuzo aphawulekayo kuleli dolobha ibhuloho laseRoma phezu kweGuadalquivir - umfula wesine ngobukhulu eSpain futhi okuwukuphela kwawo okungahamba kuwo.