I-Russia ibheke phambili ukukhula kokuthengiswa kwe-Azerbaijani okubandakanya nezokuvakasha

UNgqongqoshe Wezokuthuthukiswa Komnotho waseRussia u-Elvira Nabiullina ukhulume neTrend Capital engxoxweni ekhethekile.

I-Trend Capital: Yimaphi amathuba okuthuthuka kokubambisana kwezomnotho phakathi kwe-Azerbaijan neRussia? Ingabe idinga ukwandisa uhlaka lomthetho?

Elvira Nabiullina: La mazwe womabili asungule ubudlelwano obuqinile emikhakheni eyahlukene yezomnotho. Uhlu lokuhweba ngokuhlanganyela lubanzi futhi luhlanganisa imikhiqizo engaphezu kwe-1,700.

Njengoba iRussia ingumthengisi ohamba phambili wezimpahla zethimba lomshini-zobuchwepheshe, izinto zokwakha, izinkuni, izinsimbi ezigayiwe, imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali e-Azerbaijan, eyaba ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-90 okuthunyelwa kweRussia ngaphandle, kungenzeka ukubikezela ukwanda okwengeziwe kwevolumu. ukuthunyelwa kwe-nomenclature yemikhiqizo yaseRussia

Izingqinamba zokwandisa kanye nokwehlukanisa ukuhwebelana, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kohlaka lomthetho olulawulayo lokubambisana kwamazwe amabili ngokwesiko kugxilwe kukho kuwo womabili la mazwe. Ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kohlaka lwezomthetho lobudlelwano baseRussia-Azerbaijani kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kokubambisana.

Kufanele kwenzeke ukusheshisa ukusayinda Isivumelwano seminyango kahulumeni sokuphromotha nokuvikela okufanayo kokutshalwa kwezimali, ukungabikho kwaso okuthinta kabi izinga lokubambisana kokutshalwa kwezimali kwe-Russian-Azerbaijani.

Q: Ukuhlola kanjani ukuguquguquka kwenzuzo yohwebo phakathi kwe-Azerbaijan neRussia? Yini engase ibe nomthelela ekwandeni kwawo?

IMP: Ukuguquguquka kokuguquguquka kwezohwebo phakathi kwamazwe ethu kuhle impela. Ngo-2008, Silethe ivolumu yenzuzo yohwebo oluhlangene ku-$2.4 billion, lapho u-$2 webhiliyoni ebalelwa ukuthunyelwa kwe-Russian e-Azerbaijan. Ukungenisa okuvela e-Azerbaijan kufinyelele ku-$411.4 million. Uma kuqhathaniswa no-2005, ukuhweba phakathi kwe-Azerbaijan neRussia kukhuphuke izikhathi ezingu-2.3.

Ngeshwa, ngemuva kwenhlekelele yomhlaba, umthamo wokuhwebelana wehlile: ngoJanuwari-May 2009, inzuzo yehle ngekota uma iqhathaniswa nesikhathi esifanayo ngo-2008 futhi yafinyelela ku-$ 638.5 million.

Ukuthuthukiswa okuphumelelayo kwezinkinga zangaphambi kwenhlekelele yobudlelwano bezohwebo nezomnotho zaseRussia-Azerbaijani kanye nokwanda kwezohwebo kungenzeka kakhulu ngenxa yokubambisana phakathi kwezifunda kanye nemingcele.

Kwasayinwa amaphepha angaphezu kuka-30 mayelana nokusebenzisana kwezohwebo kwezomnotho namasiko ezingeni lezifunda kanye nezinye izifunda ezingu-9 ezihlose ukusayina izivumelwano ezinjalo. Njengamanje amagatsha angaphezu kuka-500 kanye nezethulo zezinkampani zaseRussia zisebenza ngenkuthalo emakethe yase-Azerbaijani. Ukuvakasha kwakamuva kukaMongameli waseRussia u-Dmitry Medvedev e-Baku kanye nezivumelwano ezifinyelelwe kulolu hambo zizonikeza umfutho omusha ekusebenzisaneni kwamazwe amabili. I-Azerbaijan izothumela igesi ku-Russian ngo-Jan. 1 ngo-2010.

Sibheke phambili ekukhuleni kokuthekelisa kwe-Azerbaijani, okuxhumene nokuhlinzekwa kwemakethe yokudla yaseRussia efunwa ngokwesiko futhi ehlangabezana nezindinganiso zekhwalithi, ikakhulukazi imifino nezithelo ezintsha, iwayini, imikhiqizo ye-brandy, ijusi yezithelo nemifino, amafutha ezilwane nemifino. , amantongomane, itiye neminye imikhiqizo eminingi.

Q: Yiziphi izigaba zomnotho wase-Azerbaijani ezingakhanga kakhulu kubatshalizimali baseRussia?

IMP: Ngo-2008, ukutshalwa kwezimali kweRussia emnothweni wase-Azerbaijani kwafinyelela ku-$12.4 million, okubonisa isidingo sokuqinisa umsebenzi kule ndlela. Esikhathini esizayo, sibona ukubambisana okuqhubekayo okuzuzisayo phakathi kweRussia ne-Azerbaijan, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wamandla nezimboni, i-metallurgy engeyona ayoni, ukuxhumana nolwazi, ezokuvakasha, nokwakhiwa kwemigwaqo. Kuyathembisa kakhulu kubatshalizimali baseRussia ukusungula amabhizinisi ahlanganyelwe emkhakheni wobunjiniyela be-petroleum, ukukhiqizwa kwemithi, ukucubungula nokugcinwa kwemikhiqizo yezolimo, kanye nezinkambu zezezimali nezamabhange.

Ukubaluleka kwamasu eRussia ukubambisana ne-Azerbaijan ekuthuthukiseni umhubhe wezokuthutha wamazwe ngamazwe "ukubambisana kweNyakatho neNingizimu" ukuhlela ukuxhumana ngololiwe kusuka eYurophu kudlule eRussia, Azerbaijan nase-Iran kuya eNdiya naseNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia. Le phrojekthi izovumela amazwe abambe iqhaza ukuthi athole izinzuzo ezinkulu ekuthuthweni kwempahla, okuzofinyelela amathani ayizigidi eziyi-15-20 ngonyaka ngokuzayo.

Q: Ukuthunyelwa kwamuphi umkhakha womnotho waseRussia e-Azerbaijan okunganwetshwa?

A: I-Russia ngokwesiko ingomunye wabahlinzeki abakhulu bezimpahla e-Azerbaijan. Ingxenye enkulu yezinto zaseRussia eziya e-Azerbaijan zihlanganisa izimpahla zobunjiniyela, amakhemikhali, izinkuni, imboni yensimbi nensimbi, imikhiqizo yezolimo. Kuyadingeka ukugcizelela ukubaluleka kwemakethe yase-Azerbaijani kubakhiqizi baseRussia bemishini yamandla. Kungokwemvelo ukuthi i-nomenclature yokuhlinzekwa komkhakha wezomnotho ohambisana nezimpahla ezibalwe ngenhla, okokuqala, inethuba elihle kakhulu lokunwetshwa, njengoba kunesidingo sabo emakethe yase-Azerbaijani.

Q: Ingabe osomabhizinisi baseRussia banesithakazelo emakethe yase-Azerbaijani? Iyini le ntshisekelo?

IMP: Njengamanje, izinkampani ezingaphezu kuka-170 ezinemali eyikhulu yaseRussia kanye nezingu-100 ezisebenza ngokubambisana ezimakethe zase-Azerbaijan. Leli qiniso lifakazela intshisekelo yosomabhizinisi baseRussia emakethe yase-Azerbaijani. Ukwanda kwamabhizinisi abhalisiwe anenhloko-dolobha yaseRussia e-Azerbaijan kuwumphumela wokuthuthukiswa kwesimo sezulu sokutshalwa kwezimali e-Azerbaijan. Ukuthengwa kwe-Baku-Kastel brewery yinkampani yaseRussia i-Baltika ngo-237 kungaba isibonelo sentshisekelo yosomabhizinisi baseRussia emakethe yase-Azerbaijani. Cishe amaRandi ayizigidi ezingama-2008 atshalwe ekuthuthukisweni kwendawo yokuphisa utshwala.

Izinkampani zaseRussia zinentshisekelo yokwandisa ukubamba kwamasheya esigabeni sesibili sokuthuthukiswa kwensimu yegesi ye-Shah Deniz. UShah Deniz unegesi yemvelo efinyelela ku-1.2 trillion cubic metres.

Ukutshalwa kwezimali ku-metallurgy yase-Azerbaijani engeyona i-ferrous, kanye nokubamba iqhaza ekuhwebeni kweziteshi zikagesi ezincane eziphehla ugesi, amabhizinisi ekugcineni kanye nokucubungula ukukhiqizwa kwezolimo kungaqanjwa phakathi kweminye imikhakha engaba yintshisekelo yamabhizinisi ethu.

Q: Yiziphi izindlela zokubambisana phakathi kwe-Azerbaijan neRussia kanye nemikhakha yezomnotho mayelana nezinkinga zomhlaba okufanele zincanywe?

IMPENDULO: Imibandela emibili yokubambisana kwezomnotho isithuthukisiwe okokuqala ngqa mayelana nenhlekelele yomhlaba phakathi kozakwethu banoma yiliphi izinga. Lezi zindlela zibandakanya ama-pragmatics kanye nenzuzo ehlangene. Esimweni sethu, kungenzeka sibambisane emikhakheni ewumkhiqizo wokugcina ohlala ubalulekile ngisho nasesimweni esibucayi. I-fuel-energy complex ingacashunwa njengesibonelo. I-Azerbaijan idinga ukunikezwa kwemishini kanye nethuluzi lomkhiqizi kawoyela negesi, kanye nokunikezwa kwezinsizakalo zokumba, ukulungisa kabusha imithombo, njll. Kodwa iRussia iyakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngalezi zidingo. Singakhombisa ezinye izinhlaka ezinenzuzo ngokulinganayo.

Isibonelo, ukugcwaliseka kwe-oda elikhulu le-Azerbaijani Caspian Sea Steamship ngamabhizinisi aseRussia. Lo myalelo wawuhlanganisa ukwakhiwa kwezimpahla ezomile kanye namathangi noma ukuthengwa kwendlela yomoya ekhethekile yaseRussia eyenziwe yoMnyango Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wase-Azerbaijani.

Ukusungulwa kwebhizinisi elihlanganyelwe embonini ekhanyayo, ukukhiqizwa kwemithi, izinkampani eziqashisayo ezihlinzeka ngamasu ezolimo nokwakhiwa kwemigwaqo kuyaphuthuma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubambisana ku-nanotechnologies kuyaphuthuma. Zombili izinhlangothi sezike zacubungula ukusebenzisana kulo mkhakha.