IZizwe Ezihlangene Zifunda Ukuthi Kuyini Ukuqina Kwezokuvakasha

Uyisikhulu ngemuva kweGlobal Tourism Resilience and Crisis Management Center (GTRCMC) futhi uyindoda ngemuva kwe-UN yethula ngokusemthethweni iGlobal Tourism Resilience Day ngoFebhuwari 17.

Njengongqongqoshe wezokuvakasha ezweni eliyiziqhingi, izwe likangqongqoshe labhekana nezinselelo eziningi ekwakheni imboni yezokuvakasha. Namuhla, Ezokuvakasha zaseJamaica liyadlondlobala futhi ukungenisa kohlobo lwemali okuhamba phambili ngokuqondiswa yile ndoda eshayelwa.

Namuhla, ube nenhlolokhono endlunkulu ye-UN eNew York City Izithangami Zezepolitiki Ezisezingeni Eliphezulu (HLPF's) Umcimbi oseceleni omayelana ne-Economic, Social, and Environmental Sustainability in Tourism, lapho echaze khona ukuthi kumayelana nani ngempela ukusimama kwezokuvakasha. Umbuzo owabuzwa kuye wawuthi:

Kulo mongo wokulwela ukusimama kwezokuvakasha, ungakwazi ukwabelana nathi ngezinselelo namathuba obhekene nawo njengongqongqoshe wezokuvakasha ukubeka ezokuvakasha phambili futhi zibe yizinkamba emizamweni yokuzuza ama-SGD.

Lokhu kwaba impendulo yakhe:

Uma ngicabanga ngobudlelwano phakathi kwezokuvakasha kanye nama-SGD, lezi zindaba ezibalulekile zokusimama zifika engqondweni- ukubandakanywa komphakathi, ukulingana ngokobulili, ukukhula komnotho okubandakanya wonke umuntu; ukuthuthukiswa komphakathi, umsebenzi ohloniphekile; ukunciphisa ubumpofu; ukusebenza kahle kwezinsiza, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokugcinwa kwamasiko namagugu.

Umkhakha wezokuvakasha ukhombisile ukuthi unamandla amakhulu okuletha imiphumela maqondana neminye yalezi zinhloso. Ngokomongo weJamaica, ezokuvakasha zihlala zingomunye wemikhakha edinga abasebenzi abaningi emnothweni wezwe futhi zikhiqiza imisebenzi hhayi emkhakheni kuphela, kodwa ngochungechunge lwayo lwenani kweminye imikhakha eminingi efana nezimboni zamasiko, ezolimo, ezokwakha, ezokukhiqiza, ezokuthutha. , ezokuzijabulisa, imisebenzi yezandla, ezempilo, izinsizakalo zezezimali noma ulwazi nobuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana. Impela, ezokuvakasha ziwumthombo wempilo yemiphakathi eminingi yasemakhaya enganakiwe e-Jamaica lapho kuvame ukuba ukuphela komkhakha wezomnotho okhiqiza ukuqashwa kwabantu abaningi kanye nemali engenayo. amathuba amabhizinisi amancane, amancane naphakathi nendawo. Ekugcineni, ngokugcina izinkulungwane zabantu baseJamican beqashiwe futhi behola amaholo akhuthaza ukusetshenziswa emnothweni kazwelonke obanzi, ezokuvakasha ziyimbangela enkulu yokunciphisa ubumpofu.

Umkhakha wezokuvakasha uphinde ukhuthaze ukubandakanywa komphakathi kanye nokukhula komnotho okubandakanya wonke umuntu ngokudala inhlobonhlobo yamathuba omsebenzi kubantu baseJamaica kuzo zonke izigaba zeminyaka yobudala, amazinga wamakhono, amazinga emfundo, izigaba zezenhlalo nezomnotho kanye nezindawo. Laba bantu baqashwe ezindaweni ezihlukene ezifana ne-concierge, ukubhuka, ukudla nesiphuzo, ukuphathwa kwemisebenzi, ulwazi nobuchwepheshe, ukuphathwa kwezabasebenzi, ukubalwa kwezimali nokulawulwa kwezindleko, izizathu nokugcinwa, ukuzijabulisa, ezokuthutha, ukugcinwa kwezindlu, ukuphepha njll. Futhi, kusukela ngaphezulu kwalokho. ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-60 abasebenzi bezokuvakasha ngabesifazane, lo mkhakha nawo unegalelo elihle ekuthuthukisweni kwezinkulungwane zabesifazane kwezomnotho, ikakhulukazi abesifazane basezindaweni zasemakhaya, abebengaba nezindlela ezilinganiselwe zokukhiqiza imali.

Isizwe Sasesiqhingini Siyisibonelo Ezokuvakasha

Umkhiqizo wezokuvakasha wase-Jamaica ugxile kakhulu esikweni namagugu. Isikhalo sawo esikhulu sitholakala ohlwini olubanzi lwezimpahla zamasiko/eziyigugu eziguqulelwe zaba imikhiqizo yezokuvakasha kanye neminikelo efana nezimpawu zomhlaba, izindawo zamagugu, iminyuziyamu, imikhosi, umculo, ubuciko nemisebenzi yezandla, ukudla kwasendaweni. Lokhu ekugcineni kusho ukuthi ukuncintisana kanye nokusimama komkhiqizo wezokuvakasha wezwe kuxhumene kakhulu nokulondolozwa nokuvikelwa kwamasiko namagugu endabuko.

Naphezu kwalezi zimpawu ezinhle zomkhiqizo wezwe wezokuvakasha, ngizoba ngowokuqala ukuvuma ukuthi kunezinselelo osekunesikhathi eside zikhona eziveza umthelela ekuguqukeni komkhakha wezokuvakasha uye ekusimameni. Umkhiqizo wezokuvakasha awukahlukanisi kakhulu. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezindawo zokungcebeleka ezisagxile kakhulu ezindaweni ezisogwini; ukuzungeza umqondo "wesihlabathi, ilanga nolwandle". Ngakho-ke, umkhakha wezokuvakasha uyaqhubeka nokubeka umthwalo osindayo ekuncipheni kwezinhlelo zemvelo ezisekelwe emhlabeni kanye nezasolwandle. Ijubane lokushintshela ekwamukelweni kwamandla avuselelekayo kanye namandla aluhlaza kuyavunywa ukuthi lihamba kancane futhi umuzwa wezokuvakasha usakhelwe kakhulu ekukhuthazeni imikhuba ye-laissez faire egcizelela ukuziphatha kokuzitika ngokweqile nokungenamkhawulo phakathi kwezivakashi, okungabonisi neze ukuphromotha. yezinhloso ezixhumene nokusimama kwemvelo njengokusetshenziswa okusimeme nokongiwa kwezinsiza. Ngokuvamile, ukuthuthukiswa kwezokuvakasha kuma-SID afana ne-Jamaica ngokuvamile kugqamisa ubunzima bokulinganisa ukuthuthukiswa komnotho nokusimama kwemvelo njengoba umkhiqizo wezokuvakasha kulawa mazwe usekelwe kakhulu ekuxhashazweni kokuqedwa kwemithombo yemvelo.

Ezokuvakasha Okubandakanya Konke

Ukugqama komqondo ohlanganisa konke kunciphisa amathuba okucwiliswa kwezivakashi empilweni yasendaweni kanye nokubamba iqhaza okubanzi kwemiphakathi yendawo ochungechungeni lwenani lezokuvakasha. Ngenxa yalokho, kube nezikhalo eziqhubekayo ezivela ezithakazelweni zendawo mayelana nokungaxhumani okwanele kanye nezinzuzo zokuthuthukiswa kwezokuvakasha ezingehli kubantu bendawo. Lokhu kuphinde kwenezelwa ukwanda “kokuvuza komnotho” okuholela emazingeni abalulekile emali etholwayo evela kwamanye amazwe ekhiqizwa ezokuvakasha ezishiya izwe kunokuba zigcinwe ukuze kuzuze izwe. Uhlobo oluyinhloko lokuxhuma olutholwa yi-Jamaica ukuvuza kwamanye amazwe. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka lapho izivakashi zidinga amathuluzi, ukudla, iziphuzo, izimpahla kanye neminye imikhiqizo izwe elisingethe leli elingakwazi ukuyihlinzeka ngakho kufanele ingeniswe, ikakhulukazi emazweni angathuthukile kangako. I-Caribbean yaziwa "ngokuvuza kwayo kwezomnotho" okuphezulu okulinganiselwa ku-70%, okusho ukuthi idola ngalinye elitholwa kubavakashi nabavakashi bangaphandle, kulahleka amasenti angama-70 ekungethweni kwezimpahla nezinsizakalo e-Jamaica, ama-30% we-Travel & Tourism. ukuvuza kwezindleko ngaphandle komnotho ngokuthengwa kwempahla evela kwamanye amazwe. Ekugcineni, ukuvuza kubukela phansi amandla aphelele ezokuvakasha ukuze afake isandla ekuthuthukisweni komphakathi kanye nokukhula komnotho okubandakanya wonke umuntu.

Amabhizinisi amaningi wezokuvakasha amancane, amancane namaphakathi e-Jamaica awakwazi ukukhulisa amandla awo aphelele ezomnotho. Nakuba inethiwekhi yethu enkulu ye-MSMTES ihlanganisa umgogodla womkhakha, inikela ngokuphawulekayo ebuqinisoni nakwikhwalithi yesipiliyoni sezokuvakasha, ithuthukisa ukuncintisana kwendawo okuyiwa kuyo futhi ibe negalelo ekuthuthukisweni kwesithombe somkhiqizo, ukuthuthuka kwayo kuphazanyiswa yizinselele ezifana nezinga eliphezulu lokungabi namthetho, ukuntula umkhakha wezohwebo, ukuntuleka kolwazi lwezimakethe kanye nokufinyelela kwezimakethe, ukungakwazi ukufinyelela okwanele kwezimali, ukuqeqeshwa okulinganiselwe kwamakhasimende kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwe-ICT okuphansi.

Nakuba umkhakha wezokuvakasha odinga abasebenzi abaningi usalokhu ungumgqugquzeli wokudala amathuba emisebenzi, igalelo lawo ezimeni zemisebenzi ehloniphekile kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemali okutholakalayo kusalokhu kungatshazwa. Iqiniso lokuthi iningi lemisebenzi ehlobene nezokuvakasha ithathwa njengedinga ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphansi ukuya kweliphakathi kusho ukuthi lo mkhakha uphoqeleke ukuthi ubhekane nemibono engemihle ngamaholo aphansi kanye nokuntuleka kwamathuba emisebenzi ngale kwamazinga e-entry-level. Lokhu kuye kwasiza ekudaleni ukungabaza okukhulu nokungabaza mayelana nenani langempela lezomnotho lezokuvakasha.

Igalelo lezokuvakasha ekulinganeni kobulili liphinde labukelwa phansi nawukuthi amadoda maningi amathuba okuthi aqashwe noma akhushulelwe ezikhundleni ezisezingeni lokuphatha embonini yezokuvakasha kuyilapho abesifazane nabo bengagxili ngokulinganayo emisebenzini ehola kancane nesezingeni eliphansi kakhulu.

I-Niche Tourism

Izinselele ezishiwo ngenhla azinakuxazululeka. Okokuqala, ukukhula komnotho kanye nokusimama kwemvelo akumele kungqubuzane. Ngempela, amazwe afana ne-Jamaica anamandla amakhulu okusheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezimakethe zezokuvakasha ezilinganisa ukukhula komnotho nokusimama kwemvelo njenge-eco-tourism, ezokuvakasha ezempilo nokuphila kahle kanye namasiko kanye nezokuvakasha zamagugu.

Amathrendi amaningi anomthelela kumakhono adingekayo ukuze enze imisebenzi ehlobene nezokuvakasha njengokwenza idijithali nokwenza izinto ezibonakalayo, isidingo sokuziphatha nezinqubo ezisimeme, ukukhula kwezigaba okungezona ezendabuko, ukuguquka kwezibalo zabahambi bamazwe ngamazwe (ubusha kakhudlwana, obucacile) , ukushintsha indlela yokuphila kanye nezimfuno zabathengi kanye nesidingo sezinqubomgomo eziqhutshwa yidatha .Ngakho ukuncintisana kwezokuvakasha kuzoncika ekutheni izindawo zokuvakashela zigcizelela kangakanani amasu okuthuthukisa abasebenzi ethulwa ngokubambisana nezikhungo zikahulumeni nezizimele ukuze kuhlinzekwe iziqu ezisemthethweni kanye ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono ezindaweni ezisafufusa ezizolungisa ikusasa lezokuvakasha. Lolu hlobo lokugxila kuzophinde luvumele imboni ukuthi igcine abasebenzi abanele nabaqeqesheke kakhulu, ikhuphule amazinga emali engenayo kanye nesithunzi semisebenzi embonini.

Ukunciphisa ukuvuza kanye nokwandisa izinzuzo zezomnotho zokuthuthukiswa kwezokuvakasha endaweni kudinga imizamo emikhulu edidiyelwe yokuqinisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwezokuvakasha kanye neminye imikhakha yezomnotho ikakhulukazi umkhakha wezolimo nowokukhiqiza ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukushintshwa kwamanye amazwe, ukwandisa izinzuzo ezitholwa abahlali bendawo kanye nemiphakathi kanye ukugqugquzela ukubamba iqhaza okubanzi kwabantu bezwe.

Ukwesekwa okukhulu kukahulumeni nakho kubalulekile emikhakheni emithathu yokwakha ukuqina kwama-MSMTE - ukuqeqeshwa, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali. Ukuqeqeshwa nokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo kubaluleke kakhulu ekulethweni kwezinsizakalo zekhwalithi ephezulu ngama-MSMTEs azoholela ekwanelisekeni kwezivakashi ezithuthukisiwe kanye nokugcinwa kanye nokuncintisana okuthuthukisiwe nokusebenza kwemali engenayo.

Imvelo Engokoqobo Yezokuvakasha

Okokugcina, ngokuqonda isimo esiguquguqukayo nesinzima asebenza ngaphansi kwaso, amabhizinisi ezokuvakasha kumele asheshe amukele iqiniso lokuthi ukwehlisa inani lezimpahla ezingavuthiwe, amandla, ukukhiqiza, izindleko zokusebenza kanye nokuchithwa kuzokhuphula umgomo wezinkampani. Ngempela, yonke imfucuza imelela ukulahlekelwa kwenzuzo nezinsiza. Lokhu kudinga ukuthi umkhakha wamukele amandla esimeme aqoqwa emithonjeni evuselelekayo, okusho ukuthi leyo egcwaliswa kabusha ngokwemvelo, njengelanga elivela elangeni, umoya, amanzi emvula, amagagasi, amagagasi, nokushisa kwe-geothermal: izinsiza zemvelo izikhungo eziningi zezokuvakasha ezinazo. ukufinyelela. Izibonelo zamandla avuselelekayo zifaka amaphaneli elanga, izishisi zelanga, izifudumezi zomoya, ama-bio-digestors, iziqandisi/amafriza asebenza ngamandla elanga, amalambu elanga, namasistimu aphehla amanzi. Okunye okusha okuphawulekayo endaweni yamandla avuselelekayo kuhlanganisa: i-solar air conditioning (SAC), i-seawater air conditioning (SWAC) kanye nezinhlelo ze-solar photovoltaic (PV). Phakathi kwezinzuzo zokushintshela kumandla avuselelekayo ukonga izindleko, ukuncintisana kangcono ngenxa yezindleko ezincishisiwe, ukuncishiswa kwe-carbon footprint, isithombe esivumelana nemvelo samabhizinisi esivumela izimakethe ezintsha, ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi yezinsizakalo ezinikezwa izivakashi, nokulungiselela ikusasa. izinkinga ezinjengokunqamuka kukagesi nokushoda kwamanzi. Amandla avuselelekayo ayindlela eshibhile futhi ehlanzekile ezindaweni ezikude.

Ngalé kokusetshenziswa kwemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo, ukwamukelwa kokonga amandla kanye nezinqubo ezivumelana nemvelo kuyodingeka kuzo zonke izigaba zenqubo yokwakha nokuphatha. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukukhetha indawo efanele yokwakha, ukusebenzisa izinto zokwakha ezisimeme, ukusebenzisa imithombo yamandla aluhlaza nokusebenzisa isitayela sokuklama kwemvelo. Mayelana nokusebenza kahle kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zikagesi, amabhizinisi amaningi ezokuvakasha kumele amukele ubuchwepheshe bokonga amandla njengezinzwa, i-LED, ukulawula isimo sezulu esihlakaniphile, ukwamukela ukugaywa kabusha, ukuvunwa kwamanzi, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki futhi andise izimpahla ezisebenziseka kabusha njengama-napkins angasetshenziswa kabusha, izibuko, ama-straws. , amabhodlela amanzi, izinkomishi, ilineni, njll.