Ngo-1910, i-Chesapeake kanye ne-Ohio Railway yathenga indawo yomlando yokuvakasha futhi yaqala ukunwetshwa okukhulu. Ngo-1913, ujantshi wase wengeze i-Greenbrier Hotel (ingxenye emaphakathi yehhotela lanamuhla), umnyango omusha wokugeza izimbiwa (isakhiwo esihlanganisa ichibi elikhulu lasendlini) kanye nenkundla yegalofu enezimbobo ezingu-18 (manje ebizwa ngokuthi i-Old White Course) eklanyelwe. ngumklami wegalofu owaziwayo kakhulu, uCharles Blair Macdonald. Ngo-1914, ngokokuqala ngqá, indawo yokungcebeleka, manje ebizwa ngokuthi i-Greenbrier, yayivuliwe unyaka wonke. Ngalowo nyaka, uMongameli kanye noNkk. Woodrow Wilson bachitha iholide labo lePhasika eThe Greenbrier.
Ibhizinisi lakhula ngeminyaka yawo-1920 futhi i-Greenbrier yathatha indawo yayo phakathi kwenethiwekhi yomphakathi ehamba phambili eyayisuka ePalm Beach, eFlorida iye eNewport, Rhode Island. Ihhotela Elimhlophe Elidala elingasasebenzi labhidlizwa ngo-1922, okwaholela ekwakhiweni kabusha kwe-The Greenbrier Hotel ngo-1930. Lokhu kulungiswa kuphinde kwaphindeka kabili isibalo samagumbi ezivakashi saba amakhulu amahlanu. Umakhi wezakhiwo waseCleveland u-Philip Small udizayine kabusha indawo yokungena eyinhloko yehhotela futhi wengeza kokubili i-Mount Vernon-inspired Virginia Wing eningizimu kanye nesiginesha yaseNorth Entrance. Idizayini kaMnu. Small izingxenye ezixubile ezivela ezimpandeni zomlando zendawo yokungcebeleka zaseNingizimu nezithombe ezivela e-Old White Hotel.
Phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yesibili, uhulumeni wase-United States wabela i-Greenbrier ukusetshenziswa okubili okuhluke kakhulu.
Okokuqala, uMnyango Wezwe waliqasha ihhotela izinyanga eziyisikhombisa ngokushesha ngemva kokungena kwe-US empini. Yasetshenziselwa ukuthutha amakhulu osopolitiki baseJalimane, baseJapane, nabase-Italy kanye nemindeni yabo isuka eWashington, DC kwaze kwaba yilapho sekuqediwe ukushintshana kwabo namanxusa aseMelika, ababevaleleke ngokufanayo phesheya kwezilwandle. Ngo-September 1942, i-US Army yathenga i-Greenbrier futhi yayiguqula yaba isibhedlela esinemibhede eyizinkulungwane ezimbili esibizwa ngokuthi i-Ashford General Hospital. Eminyakeni emine, amasosha angu-24,148 angeniswa futhi welashwa, kuyilapho indawo yokungcebeleka isebenzela impi njengesikhungo sokuhlinza nokuhlunyeleliswa kwezimilo. Amasosha agqugquzelwe ukuthi asebenzise inkundla yezemidlalo nezokungcebeleka ehlukene njengengxenye yohlelo lokululama kwawo. Ekupheleni kwempi, uMbutho wavala isibhedlela.
I-Chesapeake kanye ne-Ohio Railway zaphinde zathatha indawo kuhulumeni ngo-1946. Le nkampani ngokushesha yagunyaza ukulungiswa okubanzi kwengaphakathi komklami owaziwayo u-Dorothy Draper. Njengoba i-Architectural Digest yamchaza, uDraper “wayeyingcweti yangempela yomhlaba wezomklamo [owaba] usaziwayo ngomqondo wesimanje waleli gama, wakha isithombe somhlobisi engqondweni ethandwayo.” Wahlala engumhlobisi wendawo yokungcebeleka kwaze kwaba ngawo-1960. Lapho ethatha umhlalaphansi, umsekeli wakhe u-Carleton Varney wathenga le nkampani futhi waba umeluleki wezokuhlobisa we-The Greenbrier.
Lapho i-Greenbrier ivulwa kabusha ngo-1948, u-Sam Snead wabuya njengochwepheshe wegalofu endaweni yokungcebeleka lapho umsebenzi wakhe wawuqale khona ngasekupheleni kwawo-1930. Eminyakeni engamashumi amabili ngemva kwempi yangemva kwempi, wahamba emhlabeni wonke esicongweni somsebenzi wakhe omude. Ngaphezu kwanoma yimuphi omunye umuntu, u-Sam Snead usungule idumela le-The Greenbrier njengendawo ehamba phambili emhlabeni yegalofu. Eminyakeni eyalandela, waqanjwa ngokuthi iGolf Pro Emeritus, isikhundla asibambe kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe ngoMeyi 23, 2002.
Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yawo-1950, uhulumeni wase-US waphinde waya ku-Greenbrier ukuze bathole usizo, kulokhu ekwakhiweni Kwesikhungo Sokuthutha Eziphuthumayo ̶ indawo engaphansi noma indawo yokukhosela ngamabhomu ̶ ezohlalwa yi-US Congress uma kwenzeka kuba nempi. Yakhelwe ngesikhathi sempi ebandayo futhi yasebenza ekusithekeni iminyaka engu-30, iyindawo enkulu yokukhosela engaphansi komhlaba engamamitha-skwele angama-112,000, ehloselwe ukusetshenziswa yiCongress yase-United States uma kwenzeka kuba nempi yenuzi. Ukumba kwaqala ngo-1958 futhi ukwakhiwa kwaqedwa ngo-1962.
Ngesivumelwano esiyimfihlo, i-Chesapeake kanye ne-Ohio Railway bakhe isengezo esisha endaweni yokuvakasha, i-West Virginia Wing kanye ne-bunker yakhiwe ngokuyimfihlo ngaphansi kwayo.
Njengoba inezindonga zikakhonkolo ezifinyelela kumamitha amahlanu ubukhulu, ilingana nezinkundla zebhola ezimbili ezipakishwe ngaphansi. Yakhelwe ukukhoselisa abantu abayi-1100: amaSenenja angama-535 nabameleli kanye nabasizi babo. Eminyakeni engu-30 eyalandela, ochwepheshe bakahulumeni, ababezenza izisebenzi zenkampani ekhohlisayo, i-Forsythe Associates, bayigcina le ndawo behlola njalo imishini yayo yezokuxhumana nesayensi kanye nokuvuselela omagazini namaphepha ezindaweni zokuphumula. Kunoma isiphi isikhathi phakathi naleyo minyaka, ucingo olulodwa oluvela ezikhulwini zaseWashington, DC, zesaba ukuhlasela okuseduze kwenhloko-dolobha, bekuzophendula le ndawo ewubukhazikhazi ukuba ibambe iqhaza elisebenzayo ohlelweni lwezokuvikela lukazwelonke. Ekupheleni kweMpi Yomshoshaphansi futhi ishukunyiswa ukuvezwa emaphephandabeni ngo-1992, iphrojekthi yaqedwa futhi indawo engaphansi komhlaba yahoxiswa. Ngokwe-athikili ye-May 6, 2013, ku-Wall Street Journal, iNkantolo Ephakeme yase-US ihlele ukuthuthela e-Grove Park Inn, e-Asheville, NC uma kwenzeka ukuhlasela kwenyukliya.
Ezweni elingaphezu kwendlu engaphansi, impilo ye-resort yaqhubeka ngokujwayelekile njengoba uJack Nicklaus efika ezoklama kabusha i-Greenbrier Course eneminyaka engamashumi amahlanu ubudala, wayiletha ezingeni lobungcweti ku-1979 Ryder Cup Matches. Leso sifundo futhi saba yisizinda semiqhudelwano emithathu ye-PGA Seniors ngeminyaka yawo-1980 kanye nomqhudelwano weSolheim Cup ka-1994. Ngo-1999, i-Meadows Course yavela lapho u-Bob Cupp eklama kabusha, ehlela kabusha futhi ethuthukisa i-Lakeside Course endala, iphrojekthi ehlanganisa ukwakhiwa kwe-Golf Academy entsha. Umsebenzi ka-Sam Snead waqoshwa lapho i-Golf Club cishe yakhiwa kabusha enendawo yokudlela enegama lakhe nemibukiso yekhwalithi yomnyuziyamu yezikhumbuzo ezivela eqoqweni lakhe lomuntu siqu.
Esimemezelweni esasingalindelekile ngoMeyi 7, 2009, uJim Justice, usomabhizinisi waseWest Virginia onokwazisa isikhathi eside nge-Greenbrier, waba umnikazi wendawo yokungcebeleka eyinganekwane kakhulu yaseMelika. Wasithenga kwa-CSX Corporation okwathi, ngezinkampani ezingaphambi kwayo iChessie System kanye ne-C&O Railway, yaba ngabanikazi bendawo yokungcebeleka iminyaka engamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalolunye. UMnu Justice uguqule amandla akhe amakhulu aba izinhlelo zokuvuselela i-America's Resort. Ngokushesha wethula umbono wakhe wekhasino eklanywe uCarleton Varney ehlanganisa izitolo, izindawo zokudlela nokuzijabulisa endaweni engabhemi. I-Casino Club e-The Greenbrier yavulwa ngendlela enhle ngoJulayi 2, 2010. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, UMnu Justice wahlela ukuthuthela kwenye indawo umcimbi we-PGA Tour obizwa ngokuthi i-Greenbrier Classic ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwe-Golf Pro Emeritus entsha ye-The Greenbrier, u-Tom Watson. Umqhudelwano wokuqala wenziwa ngoJulayi 26 kuya ku-Agasti 1, 2010.
Omongameli abangamashumi amabili nesithupha bahlale eThe Greenbrier. I-President's Cottage Museum iyisakhiwo esinezitezi ezimbili esinemibukiso mayelana nalokhu kuvakasha kanye nomlando we-The Greenbrier. IGreenbrier isohlwini lweRejista Kazwelonke Yezindawo Zomlando futhi iyilungu le-Historic Hotels of America. Iwine iForbes Four-Star kanye ne-AAA Five-Diamond Award.
Umlando ophelele we-Greenbrier ubhalwe ngemininingwane eminingi yengezwe yizithombe ezivela ezinqolobaneni zendawo yokungcebeleka ku-History of The Greenbrier: America's Resort nguDkt. Robert S. Conte, Umbhali-mlando Ohlala kule ndawo yokungcebeleka kusukela ngo-1978.
UStanley Turkel yaqokwa njengoSomlando Wonyaka wango-2020 yi-Historic Hotels of America, uhlelo olusemthethweni lwe-National Trust for Historic Preservation, aqanjwe ngayo ngaphambilini ngo-2015 nango-2014. U-Turkel ungumxhumanisi wamahhotela oshicilelwe kakhulu e-United States. Usebenzisa umkhuba wakhe wokubonisana namahhotela esebenza njengofakazi onguchwepheshe ezimweni eziphathelene namahhotela, uhlinzeka ngokuphathwa kwempahla kanye nokubonisana nokuthola imali yehhotela. Ugunyazwe njenge-Master Hotel Supplier Emeritus yi-Educational Institute of the American Hotel and Lodging Association. [i-imeyili ivikelwe] 917-628-8549
Incwadi yakhe entsha ethi "Great American Hotel Architects Volume 2" isanda kushicilelwa.
Ezinye Izincwadi Ezishicilelwe Zehhotela:
• Amahhotela Amakhulu AseMelika: Amaphayona Omkhakha Wehhotela (2009)
• Yakhelwe Ukugcina: Amahhotela Aneminyaka Engu-100 + eNew York (2011)
Yakhelwe Ukugcina: Amahhotela Aneminyaka Engu-100 + Aneminyaka Emidala Empumalanga YeMississippi (2013)
• Ihhotela Mavens: uLucius M. Boomer, uGeorge C. Boldt, u-Oscar waseWaldorf (2014)
• IGreat American Hoteliers Volume 2: Amaphayona Emboni Yehhotela (2016)
• Yakhelwe Ukugcina: Amahhotela Aneminyaka Engu-100 + Aneminyaka Emidala ENtshonalanga yeMississippi (2017)
• I-Hotel Mavens Volume 2: UHenry Morrison Flagler, uHenry Bradley Plant, uCarl Graham Fisher (2018)
• Abakhi Bamahhotela Abakhulu baseMelika uMqulu I (2019)
• Ihhotela Mavens: IVolumu 3: UBob noLarry Tisch, uRalph Hitz, uCesar Ritz, uCret Strand
Zonke lezi zincwadi zinga-odwa kwa-AuthorHouse ngokuvakashela bnokuthul.com nokuchofoza isihloko sencwadi.
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