Umkhankaso womhlaba wonke wethuliwe, unxenxa ukwethulwa okuphoqelekile kwezinhlelo zokuhlunga nezokuxwayisa ezisebenza kahle, ukuthi zifakwe kuzo zonke izindiza zezindiza zabagibeli

Ukuphepha kwezindiza bekuvame ukubekwa engcupheni ngenxa yabasebenzi abakhubazekile noma abakhubazekile ngokuphelele ekuchayekeni emoyeni ongcolile.

The IGlobal Cabin Air Quality Executive (GCAQE) namuhla yethule umkhankaso wayo 'Umkhankaso Womoya Ohlanzekile'ngibiza abalawuli kanye noHulumeni emhlabeni jikelele, ukugunyaza ukwethulwa kwezihlungi ezisebenza kahle' zegazi 'kanye nezinzwa zomoya eziyingozi ezingcolisa izindiza zabagibeli.

Ukwesekela umkhankaso wabo i-GCAQE ikhiphe ifilimu emfushane yezemfundo ngezilimi ezingaphezu kwezingama-40. Bakhiphe nefilimu emfushane egqwayizayo echaza izisekelo zohlelo lokuphakelwa komoya ezindizeni.

Umkhankaso we-GCAQE usekelwa ngabamele abasebenzi bezindiza abangaphezu kwesigidi, i I-European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC), i- I-European Transport Workers 'Federation (ETF), i I-International Transport Workers 'Federation (ITF) kanye ne- I-European Cabin Crew Association (EurECCA).

Womabili la mafilimu atholakala ekhasini le-GCAQE Clean Air Campaign ku:

https://www.gcaqe.org/cleanair

Eminyakeni engama-20 edlule, kube nezincomo nokutholakele okungaphezu kwama-50 okwenziwe yiminyango yezingozi zomoya eyi-12 emhlabeni jikelele, ehlobene ngqo nokuchayeka komoya ongcolile ezindizeni zezindiza zabagibeli. Kodwa-ke, izindiza zezentengiselwano ziyaqhubeka nokundiza, kungekho zinhlelo zokuxwayisa zomoya ezingcolile zokwazisa abagibeli nabasebenza lapho umoya abaphefumulayo ungcolile.

Iphutha lokuklama lihlobene nendlela umoya ophefumulayo onikezwa ngayo kuzo zonke izindiza zabagibeli (ngaphandle kweBoeing 787) onikezwa ngayo. Umoya wokuphefumula unikezwa abagibeli nabasebenzi abangahlungiwe ngqo kusuka esigabeni sokucindezelwa sezinjini noma kwa-Auxiliary Power Unit (APU), injini encane emsileni wendiza. Le yinqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi 'yigazi lomoya' ngoba 'yophe' kusuka esigabeni esishisayo senjini. 'Umoya ophuma igazi' awucwengeki futhi kwaziwa ukuthi ungcoliswe ngamafutha okwenziwa kwejet engine[1] noketshezi olubacindezela.

Amathini kawoyela we-jet engine nemikhiqizo ye-hydraulic fluid engcolisa umoya ophefumulayo futhi abantu abadalulwe kuwo, asho ngokusobala:

"Ungaphefumuli inkungu noma umusi ovela kumkhiqizo oshisayo",

"Ingozi yokubanga umdlavuza",

"Ingozi yokungabi nenzalo",

"Ingozi yemiphumela yezinzwa" njll…

Imboni ihlale ithi ikhwalithi yomoya endizeni ingcono kunasendlini noma ehhovisi. Ngaphandle kwalesi sitatimende, imboni ihlunga 'umoya opha igazi' osetshenziselwa iFuel Tank Inerting System (FTIS). I-FTIS yethulwe ngemuva kwenhlekelele ye-TWA 800 yokuvimbela ukushiswa kwethangi likaphethiloli. Uhlelo lwe-FITS lusebenza ngokuhlinzeka ngemvelo enothe nge-nitrogen ethangini likaphethiloli. Lolu hlelo lusebenzisa nomoya opha igazi, kepha ngenxa yobukhona bemusi kawoyela wezinjini 'emoyeni opha' kanye nemiphumela yabo emibi ohlelweni, lo 'moya wopha' uyahlungwa. Kungani imboni ingayihlungi 'nomoya opha' abantu abaphefumulayo? Ividiyo emfushane echaza leli qiniso elibalulekile isekhasini lewebhusayithi yomkhankaso ku: gcaqe.org/cleanair

Kokubili oyili benjini yejet noketshezi olubacindezela kuqukethe ama-organophosphates. Lawa makhemikhali atholakale emakhulwini amasampula e-swab enziwa ezindaweni ezingaphakathi zezindiza nasezifundweni eziningi zokuqapha umoya.

Okhulumela iGCAQE uCaptain Tristan Loraine uthe:

"Ngokombono we-GCAQE, ngaphandle kokwazi ngalolu daba amashumi eminyaka, abalawuli bezindiza emhlabeni wonke abanjengo-US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) kanye ne-European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA), kule nkinga ethile, babeka izintshisekelo zenkampani embonini ye-aerospace ngaphambi ukuphepha kwezindiza kanye nempilo yomphakathi. Behlulekile ukugunyaza ukufakwa kwezinhlelo ezisebenza kahle zokuxwayisa ngomoya noma 'ukuvuza umoya'. Behlulekile futhi nokudinga izindiza ukuba zazise abasebenzi noma abagibeli ngalokhu kuvezwa. Esikhundleni salokho, bathi umoya osemabhanoyini ungcono kunekhaya lakho futhi bayaqhubeka nokufuna olunye ucwaningo. Umphumela nje wokufuna ukuthi kuqhutshekwe nocwaningo kuzoba ukubambezeleka kokuthatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ezidingekayo manje, ekugcineni ukuxazulula le nkinga yezempilo yomphakathi nokuphepha ezindizeni. ”

Ukuphepha kwendiza bekuvame ukubekwa engcupheni ngenxa yabasebenzi abakhubazekile noma abakhubazekile ngokuphelele ekuchayekeni emoyeni ongcolile. Abasebenzi nabagibeli bahlupheke kokubili imiphumela yesikhashana neyesikhathi eside yezempilo ngenxa yalokhu kuvezwa.[2] Abanye abasebenzi baye bathola umhlalaphansi ngenxa yokugula. Njengoba kubhalwe nguHoward et al (2017/2018), lapho kukhulunywa nge-aetiology ye-aerotoxic syndrome,[3] kunobufakazi bokuthi, ngaphezu kwenhlanganisela eyinkimbinkimbi yokukhishwa kwamakhemikhali abalekayo okukhona njalo emoyeni wasekhabini, kukhona ne-erosol yezinhlayiya ze-ultrafine (UFPs), eziletha imiphumela ebalulekile yezempilo yokuchayeka okungapheli kwi-aerosol yamaUFP.[4]

Kusukela ngomhlaka 15 kuya ku-18 Mashi 2021, i-GCAQE izosingatha i- 'Ingqungquthela Yomoya Yezindiza Yezindiza Ka-2021' (aircraftcabinair.com). Le kuzoba yingqungquthela enkulu kunazo zonke ezake zabanjwa ngalezi zinkinga. Izokwenzeka ngaphezulu kwezinsuku ezi-4 kusuka ku-1500 kuya ku-2000 GMT nsuku zonke naphakathi kwabaxhasi; kuzoba nezinkampani eziningi ezizokhombisa izixazululo ezingaba khona kanye nobuchwepheshe obuvelayo bezinkampani zezindiza. Ubuchwepheshe obufana nezinhlelo ezintsha zokuhlunga umoya, ama-sensors wokuxwayisa kanye neziguquli zamandla.

Ngaphezu kwe-'Moya Ohlanzekile Womkhankaso 'kanye ne-'2021 Aircraft Cabin Air Conference', i-GCAQE nayo isanda kwakha uhlelo lokuqala lokubika emhlabeni jikelele ngemicimbi yomoya engcolisiwe, eyaziwa nge-GCARS. I-'Global Cabin Air Reporting System ', noma ngubani angayisebenzisa, itholakala ku: https://gcars.app/

Okhulumela iGCAQE uCaptain Tristan Loraine naye uthe:

“Imboni izuze izinto eziningi ezinhle eminyakeni engama-50 edlule. Kuthathe izinyathelo eziningi ukuqinisa ukuphepha kwendiza kodwa okubuhlungu ukuthi lolu daba lwehlulekile. Abalawuli bathi badinga ukwazi ukuthi yimaphi amakhemikhali akhona ngesikhathi somcimbi womoya ongcolile ngaphambi kokuba bacabangele ukugunyaza ubuchwepheshe obusha ukunciphisa le nkinga. Bebazi ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-20 edlule ukuthi yimaphi amakhemikhali abekhona, njengoba benemininingwane evela ophenyweni lokukhubazeka okuphelele kwabashayeli bezindiza ababili endizeni yasekhaya yaseSweden eyaziwa ngokuthi isehlakalo 'seMalmo'. Akukholakali ukuthi bayaqhubeka ukwehluleka ukulungisa leli phutha lokuklama okuyisisekelo. ”

Izinyunyana eziningi zabasebenzi kanye ne-GCAQE basebenze nezimboni iminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi ukuvumelana ngezinga elamukelekile lekhwalithi yomoya ezindizeni ezisemkhunjini. Ikhono lokuvumelana ngale nkinga lisanda kubuzwa kulandela isenzo sezimboni sokubambezela indinganiso ehlongozwayo entsha yeCEN.