Umlando Wehhotela: U-Hotelier uRaymond Orteig uhlangana noMshayeli weMeyili uCharles Lindbergh

Raymond Orteig (1870-1934) wayengumnikazi wehhotela laseNew York City owanikeza umklomelo we-Orteig ongu-$25,000 kumshayeli wendiza wokuqala ukundiza phakathi. New York City kanye neParis.

Ngo-1919, uRaymond Orteig, umnikazi wehhotela owayengaziwa waseNew York City, wanikeza inselele engavamile emhlabeni wezindiza osafufusa. Ehlatshwe umxhwele izinganekwane zabashayeli bezindiza abangamaphayona, u-Orteig owazalelwa eFrance, owayenehhotela iBrevoort neLafayette eDolobheni laseNew York, wanikela ngesikhwama semali esingu-$25,000 esasizonikezwa “umbhanoyi wokuqala ozowela i-Atlantic ngendiza esemhlabeni noma yasemanzini ( lisinda kunomoya) ukusuka eParis noma ogwini lwaseFrance ukuya eNew York, noma ukusuka eNew York kuya eParis ngaphandle kokuma.”

U-Orteig uthe isiphakamiso sakhe sizoba sihle iminyaka emihlanu, kodwa iminyaka emihlanu yafika yadlula kungekho muntu owenza lokhu. Akekho noyedwa owazama. Ngo-1926, u-Orteig welula isikhathi sokunikezwa kwakhe eminye iminyaka emihlanu. Nokho, kulokhu, ubuchwepheshe bezindiza base buthuthuke kwaze kwaba seqophelweni lapho abanye bacabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ngempela ukundiza ungami unqamule uLwandlekazi i-Atlantic. UCharles A. Lindbergh wayengomunye owayecabanga ukuthi kwakungenziwa, kodwa bambalwa abantu ababekholelwa ukuthi lo mshayeli we-mail ongaqondakali wayenethuba lokuqoqa umklomelo ka-Orteig wama-$25,000.

URaymond Orteig wazalelwa eFrance, wathuthela e-United States ngo-1882. Waqala umsebenzi wakhe ebhizinisini lamahhotela nezindawo zokudlela futhi wagcina esengu-maitre d' eLafayette Hotel eNew York City, eyayiseduze neBrevoort Hotel. Greenwich Village. Ngo-1902, wathenga iBrevoort, eyayaziwa ngendawo yayo yokudlela engaphansi. Ihlanganisa izindlu ezintathu ezixhumene ku-Fifth Avenue phakathi kuka-8th kanye no-9th Street, iBrevoort yayithole idumela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 njengendawo yokumisa abantu baseYurophu abanesihloko. Imenyu yesiFulentshi ye-Brevoort Café, enothiswe uhambo lwaminyaka yonke luka-Orteig lokuthenga iwayini e-France ihehe isixuku samaciko nababhali baseGreenwich Village. Phakathi kwabo kwakukhona noMark Twain odumile owahlala phakathi kuka-1904 no-1908 endlini yedolobha le-Gothic-revival esekhoneni eliseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Fifth Avenue kanye ne-East 9th Street. (Leyo ndlu yayakhiwe ngo-1870 uJames Renwick, umdwebi wamapulani weGrace Church eseduze neSt. Patrick's Cathedral, eyaqedwa ngo-1878.) Ngo-1954, yonke indawo, kuhlanganise nehhotela nedolobha likaMark Twain, yacekelwa phansi ukuze kuvuleke indawo yokuhlala. Isakhiwo esinezitezi ezingu-19 saseBrevoort.

U-“Lucky Lindy” kanye no-Spirit of St. Louis bafika eCurtis Field eLong Island besuka eCalifornia ngoMeyi 12, 1927. Endleleni, umshayeli wendiza kanye nendiza babeka irekhodi elisha lendiza enqamula izwekazi lase-United States eshesha kakhulu. Ezinsukwini eziyisishiyagalombili kamuva, uLindbergh walibangisa eParis esuka eRoosevelt Field yaseNew York. Elwa nenkungu, uqweqwe lweqhwa, nokuswela ubuthongo, uLindbergh wafika ngokuphepha e-Le Bourget Field e-Paris ngo-10:22 PM ngoMeyi 20, 1927 - futhi kwazalwa iqhawe elisha lendiza. Indiza yayimthwale ngaphezu kwamamayela angu-3,600 ngaphansi kwamahora angu-34 futhi yawina umklomelo we-Orteig ongu-$25,000.

Indiza yokuqala ewela i-Atlantic yamemezela i-"Lindbergh Boom" endizeni. Izitokwe zemboni yezindiza zenyuka inani, futhi isithakazelo sokundiza sakhula kakhulu. Phakathi nohambo lukaLindbergh lwase-United States olwalandela kanye nokundiza kwakhe okuhle eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu, amafulege ezizwe azivakashelayo apendwe esiqongweni sendiza yakhe. Ngokumenywa kwesikhulu esiphezulu uJuan Trippe, wabe esejoyina iPan Am World Airways. UTrippe ukhumbule ukuthi wayekhona eRoosevelt Field ngenkathi uLindbergh eqala indiza yakhe eyaqopha umlando.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uRaymond Orteig usekhohliwe. Ihhotela lakhe i-Lafayette (elaziwa ngokuthi i-Hotel Martin kusukela ngo-1863 kuya ku-1902, lapho u-Orteig elithola futhi walibhala kabusha) lalixhaswe ngosaziwayo bamazwe ngamazwe abadonswa ukudla kanye nenkonzo yaseFrance. Lapho iBrevoort intengantenga ngo-1932 phakathi Nokucindezeleka Okukhulu (njengoba kwenza amanye amahhotela amaningi), u-Orteig wayithengisa futhi wakhulisa iLafayette ngokudangala. Ngo-1953, i-Lafayette yadilizwa isakhiwo sokuhlala sesimanje, i-Lafayette Apartments enezitezi eziyisithupha e-University Place kanye ne-9th Street.

Ukuthuthukisa intshisekelo yomphakathi kanye nobuchwepheshe bezokundiza, Umklomelo ubangele ukutshalwa kwezimali izikhathi eziningi kunani lomklomelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwalahlekelwa ukuphila kwamadoda ayeqhudelana ukuze awine umklomelo. Kushone amadoda ayisithupha ezingozini ezintathu ezahlukene. Abanye besilisa abathathu balimele engozini yesine. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo lango-1927, abashayeli bezindiza abangama-40 bazama izindiza ezikude ezihlala phezu kolwandle, okuholele ekufeni kwabantu abangama-21 phakathi nemizamo. Isibonelo, kwalahleka izimpilo eziyisikhombisa ngo-August 1927 ku-Orteig Prize-inspired $25,000 Dole Air Race ukuze undize usuka eSan Francisco uya eHawaii.

Ngo-1927 wabona inani lokuqala lezindiza kanye namarekhodi amasha. Irekhodi lebanga elide lokundiza, kanye nokundiza okude kunawo wonke emanzini kwabekwa futhi konke kweqa umzamo kaLindbergh. Nokho, alikho elinye iflaya elazuza udumo uLindbergh alwenza ngokuwina uMklomelo we-Orteig.

Umklomelo we-Orteig ugqugquzele umklomelo we-Ansari X ongu-$10 wezigidi zamarandi okundiza okuyimfihlo okuphindaphindiwe kwe-suborbital. Ngokufanayo noMklomelo we-Orteig, wamenyezelwa eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili ngaphambi kokuba uwinwe ngo-2004.

Umbhali, uStanley Turkel, yisiphathimandla nomxhumanisi ohlonishwayo embonini yehhotela. Usebenzisa ihhotela lakhe, ukungenisa izihambi kanye nemikhuba yokubonisana egxile ekuphathweni kwempahla, ekucwaningweni kwamabhuku kokusebenza nokusebenza kwezivumelwano zokukhushulwa kwamahhotela nezabelo zokuxhaswa kwamacala. Amakhasimende angabanikazi bamahhotela, abatshalizimali, nezikhungo ezibolekisa ngemali.

“Abakhi Bamahhotela Abakhulu BaseMelika”

Incwadi yami yesishiyagalombili yomlando wehhotela inezakhiwo eziyishumi nambili ezakha amahhotela angama-94 kusuka ngo-1878 kuya ku-1948: iWarren & Wetmore, iSchultze & Weaver, uJulia Morgan, u-Emery Roth, uMcKim, uMead & White, uHenry J. Hardenbergh, uCarrere & Hastings, uMulliken noMoeller, UMary Elizabeth Jane Colter, iTrowbridge & Livingston, uGeorge B. Post kanye namadodana.

Ezinye Izincwadi Ezishicilelwe:

• Abathengisi Abakhulu BaseMelika: Amaphayona Emboni Yehhotela (2009)
  • Yakhelwe Ekugcineni: Amahhotela Aneminyaka Engu-100 + eNew York (2011)
  • Yakhelwe Ekugcineni: Amahhotela Aneminyaka Engu-100 + Aneminyaka Emidala Empumalanga YeMississippi (2013)
  • Ihhotela Mavens: uLucius M. Boomer, uGeorge C. Boldt no-Oscar waseWaldorf (2014)
  • IGreat American Hoteliers Umqulu 2: Amaphayona Emboni Yehhotela (2016)
  • Yakhelwe Ekugcineni: Amahhotela Aneminyaka Engu-100 + Aneminyaka Engaphezulu Kwesentshonalanga YeMississippi (2017)
• Ihhotela Mavens Umqulu 2: UHenry Morrison Flagler, uHenry Bradley Plant, uCarl Graham Fisher (2018)

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