Imboni yezindiza kanye nabaholi be-Congressional abahambisani nokuxhaswa ngezimali kwezinhlelo zokusheshisa ukwenziwa kwesimanjemanje kohlelo lokulawulwa kwezindiza zase-US kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuphepha kwezindiza.
Udaba olubalulekile: isiphakamiso esibheke ekuvoteni kweSenethi ekuqaleni kwaleli sonto esidinga ukuthi izinkampani zezindiza zisebenzise imali yazo ukuhlomisa izindiza ngezinhlelo zokuhamba ezithuthukisiwe, ezingabambezela kakhulu ukukhishwa kobuchwepheshe obusha. ibiza imithetho eqinile ehlanganisa izinhlobonhlobo zezindaba zokuphepha zendiza kusukela ekuqashweni komshayeli nokuqeqeshwa kuya ekushintsheni okuphoqelekile kokuhlela ukulwa nokukhathala kwe-cockpit.
Iphakethe libonisa isifiso esibanzi sekhongolose sokukhulisa ukwengamela, ikakhulukazi abathwali babagibeli, ngenxa yezingozi nezigameko ezimbalwa zakamuva zezindiza zase-US.
Imithetho kuyo yomibili iNdlu neSigele ihlanganisa izigaba zamalungelo abagibeli ezibeka imingcele yamahora amathathu ukuze izindiza zezindiza zihlale etiyeleni zilindele ukusuka. I-Federal Aviation Administration ikhiphe imikhawulo efanayo, kodwa abenzi bomthetho babonakala behlose ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bahlala njalo. Lokhu kunikezwa, nakho, kube nempikiswano, nezinkampani zezindiza zithi zizokhansela izindiza kunokuba zikhokhiswe inhlawulo yokubeka engcupheni.
Kodwa naphezu kweminyaka yokunxenxa imboni, lesi siphakamiso asiqukethe izinhlinzeko zokusiza izinkampani zezindiza eziboshiwe ukuthi zikhokhe izigidigidi zamaRandi kubuchwepheshe obusha be-cockpit, igebe elingase libambezeleke ukusebenza futhi libambezele izinzuzo kubagibeli iminyaka.
Njengomthetho owagunyazwa yiNdlu ngaphambilini, umthethosivivinywa weSenethi uhlose ukuhlela inkambo yokuguqula uhlelo lwamanje lwama-radar asekelwe phansi kanye nezilawuli zibe isizukulwane esisha sobuchwepheshe obusekelwe kwisathelayithi ekwazi ukuphatha izinombolo ezinkulu zezindiza ngokuphumelelayo futhi kancane kancane. umthelela kwezemvelo. Ibizwa ngokuthi i-NextGen, inethiwekhi yakhelwe ukuvumela indiza ukuthi indize imizila emifushane, eqondile nabashayeli bezindiza abathatha eminye yemisebenzi eyinhloko yabalawuli.
Uhulumeni usezibophezele ukuthi uzosebenzisa imali eyizigidigidi ezingama-20 ensikeni yalolu hlelo olusha. Ngokokuqagela kwakamuva kwe-FAA, uhlelo luzozikhokhela ngokwalo ngo-2018 ngokunciphisa ukubambezeleka kwendiza obekulindelwe ngaphezu kwama-20% futhi konga izindiza ezingamalitha ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.4.
USen. Jay Rockefeller, i-West Virginia Democrat engusihlalo wekomidi leSenate Commerce, Science and Transportation, ube yithemba elingcono kakhulu lemboni. Njengoba eletha umthethosivivinywa esitezi seSenate ngesonto eledlule, uMnu. Rockefeller uthe wabele cishe amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-500 ngonyaka ukuxhasa indima ye-FAA kubuchwepheshe be-NextGen kuze kube ngu-2025. Kodwa wagcizelela ukuthi izindiza zizoba nesibopho ngokuphelele sokuhlomisa izindiza zabo. “Asikukhokheli lokho,” esho ngemuva kwesithangami nabezindaba ngoLwesine. “Kuzodingeka [izinkampani zezindiza] zikwenze; kungenjalo bazoba nobunzima ngempela ukufika.”
UGerard Arpey, usihlalo kanye nesikhulu esiphezulu se-AMR Corp.'s American Airlines, engqungqutheleni ye-FAA ngeledlule ukuthi “udumele” ngokuthi umthethosivivinywa wokuvuselela umoya awunikezi usizo lwezezimali lokufaka imishini emisha yezindiza. Imboni ilinganisela ukuthi izindleko ezinjalo zonyaka zifinyelela ku-$1.5 billion noma ngaphezulu phakathi neshumi leminyaka. Uma “sizimisele ukusebenzisa izigidigidi zamaRandi entela ukuze sithenge ujantshi wesitimela esinesivinini esikhulu,” kubuza uMnu.
Ngenxa yokuntula ukusekelwa kwe-White House ngoxhaso olunjalo, abenzi bomthetho abaningi bamagange ukugwema izingozi zonyaka wokhetho zokukhipha amadola kubahlomuli bezinkampani kakade abathandwa ngabavoti abaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba uhulumeni engakaze axhase ngokuqondile imishini yokuhamba emkhunjini kanye neyethrafikhi yasemoyeni, abenzi bomthetho kanye nabasebenzi bekhongolose banesifiso sokubeka isibonelo esingaba umthelela wezimali wenhlangano.
Njengoba abanye ochwepheshe bebikezela ukuthi isibalo sabagibeli base-US singakhuphuka cishe ngo-40% eminyakeni engamashumi amabili ezayo, ngisho noMongameli u-Barack Obama usekhulume ngezinzuzo zezomnotho zokushintshela ku-satellite-based navigation. “Uma singathuthukisa lobo buchwepheshe” obusetshenziselwa ukulawula ukuhamba kwezindiza, wathi emhlanganweni wakamuva wasehholo ledolobha, “singanciphisa ukubambezeleka nokukhanselwa.”
Ngaphandle kokuphawula okuthile, umkhulumeli we-FAA uthe "sibheke ngabomvu ukusebenzisana neCongress" lapho izingqungquthela zeNdlu neSenethi zithatha izikweletu.
Nokho ngaphandle kosizo lwezezimali oluqondile embonini yezindiza—eye yazuza ukulahlekelwa okungaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-30 zamaRandi eminyakeni emithathu edlule—ulimi lweSenethi oluhlanganisa izingxenye ezimbili zeSenate alwenzi lutho ukuxazulula isithiyo esikhulu sokuqalisa ukusebenza ngokushesha—uxhaso. "Lokhu akukona mayelana nezinkampani zezindiza ezifuna ukuba nezakamuva nezinkulu ezindaweni ezisebenza kuzo," kusho uDave Castelveter, okhulumela i-Air Transport Association, okuyiqembu labahwebi eliqhubeka nokunxenxa lesi sihloko. "Lokhu kumayelana nokulungiswa okuphelele kwengqalasizinda."
Ngenkathi izikhulu ze-Obama Administration zizama ukusheshisa futhi zikhiphe izingxenye ezincane zesistimu ehleliwe, ukukhathazeka ngokushoda kubangele abasizi abaphezulu be-White House nabaholi bekhongolose ukuthi benqabe kaningi kuhlanganise nokuthuthukiswa kwezindiza njengengxenye yezikweletu zokuvuselela. Lezi zinqumo zigqugquzelwe ngokwengxenye ukukhathazeka kweWhite House ukuthi kuzothatha isikhathi eside kakhulu ukudala imisebenzi emisha ngalezi zinyathelo, ngokusho kwabantu abajwayelene nezingxoxo.
ISenethi nalo lizothatha inhlawulo eyimpikiswano—eye yabeka osopolitiki nabalawuli base-Europe—edinga abahloli be-FAA ukuthi baqinise ukwengamela izitolo ezilungisa izinto zakwamanye amazwe.
Eminyakeni yakamuva iCongress igunyaze ukwelulwa kwesikhashana kwe-11 komthethosivivinywa ogunyaza ukusebenza kwe-FAA ngoba abenzi bomthetho abakwazanga ukuvumelana ngokubhala kabusha okukhulu. Kungase kudingeke esinye isandiso uma umthethosivivinywa ungakutholi ukugunyazwa ngaphambi kokuba umthetho uphelelwe yisikhathi futhi ekupheleni kukaMashi. Umthetho weSenethi usuvele uphazamisekile ngenxa yezichibiyelo eziningi-ezinye zazo ezingahlobene nezindiza-uMnu. Rockefeller nabanye abasekeli bathi kungase kubangele inqubo futhi kumiswe ukuhamba.
