Eminyakeni embalwa edlule ukugibela indiza yasekhaya e-Iran sekufana nokudlala i-roulette yaseRussia.
Kusukela ngo-2002 kube nokuphahlazeka kwezindiza okuyingozi okuyisishiyagalolunye, kwashona abaningi abangama-302 endizeni eyodwa, kanye nenani labashonile selihlangene labacishe babe ngu-700. Ezinye zalezi zindiza bekuyizokuthutha zamasosha, kanti ezinye bekuyizindiza zezentengiselwano namasosha noma Abaqaphi be-Revolutionary ababegibele, nezinye ezentengiso kuphela.
Ngayinye yalezi zindiza yayisendaweni yomoya yase-Iranian, hhayi indawo enobutha. Ngakho-ke ubani noma yini okufanele asolwe ngalezi ziphetho ezibuhlungu zezindiza ezibonakala zivamile?
“Ukunakekelwa kwendiza ngokwako kuyisici esiyinhloko,” kusikisela uPhilip Butterworth-Hayes, umhleli ongumxhumanisi we-Jane's Airport Review. "Ukusebenza kwendiza ngaphakathi kohlelo lokulawula ukuhamba kwezindiza kungenye into."
Ukunakekelwa kwendiza ngokuqinisekile kungaba yinkinga.
“Iqiniso ngukuthi i-Iran iyizwe elike lafakwa unswinyo isikhathi esingcono seminyaka engama-30. Uma ungenakho ukufinyelela mahhala ekuhwebeni okuvamile nezingxenye zomhlaba ezinokuhlangenwe nakho kwezokuphepha kwezindiza, kunengqondo ukuthi ngeke ube nemishini engcono kakhulu ongayithola,” kusho uDavid Kaminski-Morrow, isekela lezindaba. umhleli we-Flight International Magazine.
Ezinye izikhulu zase-Iran zizwakalise imizwa efanayo kodwa ebekeke kakhulu. Umqondisi ophethe wenkampani ethwala impahla yase-Iran kuzwelonke, i-Iran Air, uDavoud Keshavarzian utshele isikhungo sezindaba sase-Iranian esisemthethweni i-IRNA: "Izijeziso zivimbela i-Iran ekuthengeni izindiza, noma ngabe amaphesenti ayishumi kuphela ezingxenye ze-US."
Ukuthi i-US ikwenza kube nzima ngokwedlulele, okungenzeka ikwenze, ukuthi i-Iran ithole imishini yendiza, ukubeka icala eMelika akubabuyiseli labo abashona ezingozini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumelwe kubhekwe njengokuwumthwalo wemfanelo ukubeka indiza ethwele ibutho lezempi lesizwe nezakhamuzi emoyeni lapho umqondisi ophethe wenkampani yezindiza yezwe enomuzwa wokuthi ngeke akwazi ukuthola amathuluzi adingekayo ukuze indize ngokuphepha.
U-Butterworth-Hayes akavumelani kakhulu nombono ka-Keshavarzian.
“I-United States akuyona yodwa ehlinzeka ngezingxenye. I-Europe ihlinzeka ngezindiza eziningi nje njengoba kwenza i-US. Ingqalasizinda eminingi yase-Iran isuselwe kumishini yaseRussia futhi okokusebenza kwaseRussia kungandiza [ngokungena] ngokuphepha njengemishini yaseMelika noma yase-Europe. Ngakho-ke ukusola iMelika akunakwenzeka, ”kusho yena.
UKaminski-Morrow uyachaza: “Kumelwe badlule kwezinye iziteshi. Kwenza kube nzima kakhulu. Abase-Irani ngeke bandize izindiza ezigugile ngokuphelele.”
Iqiniso lokuthi izikhulu zase-Iran zisole iMelika ngezinye zezinkinga zabo zezindiza liphakamisa iphuzu elithakazelisayo.
“Indaba yepolitiki nokuphepha kwezindiza iyinkinga kakhulu,” kugcizelela uButterworth-Hayes. "Mayelana nokuphepha kwezindiza zomphakathi uhlangothi lwezepolitiki akumele lubambe iqhaza nakancane."
I-International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) idalwe emzamweni wokuphakamisa ukuphepha kwabantu ngaphezu komkhakha wezepolitiki futhi isebenzise imigomo, izinqubo nezinhlelo zokuhamba emoyeni kanye nezokuthutha zomphakathi eziphephile zamazwe ngamazwe.
Wonke amazwe ayingxenye ye-ICAO - futhi ngokuzenzakalela zonke izinkampani zawo zezindiza, i-Iran ihlanganisa - kufanele zihambisane nemithethonqubo ebekiwe njengezinga eliphansi lokuphepha. Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi i-ICAO yengamele ukundiza komphakathi, ezondiza zamasosha imithetho yezokuphepha incike ezweni ngalinye.
Isimo siba nzima enkampanini efana neSaha Airline Services, okuyinkampani yezindiza engaphansi kwe-Iranian Air Force kodwa futhi enezindiza ezihlala abantu basekhaya.
Enye yama-Boeing 707 amathathu ka-Saha, indiza eyenzelwe ukuthutha amasosha, yafa igiya noma isondo ngesikhathi ifika futhi yaphahlazeka ekugcineni komgwaqo, kwashona abagibeli ababili.
ISaha ingezinye zezindiza ezimbalwa emhlabeni ezisebenzisa i-Boeing 707 ukuthutha abantu. Njengengxenye ye-Iranian Air Force kodwa ethwele izakhamuzi, kuyamangaza ukuthi iyiphi isethi yemithetho yezokuphepha elandelwayo - i-ICAO noma amazinga e-air Force.
“Kumele ubheke izibalo zamazwe ngamazwe. Ngokwezibalo zamazwe ngamazwe kubonakala sengathi baningi kakhulu amasosha abandakanyeka ezingozini kunezokuthutha umphakathi,” kusho uButterworth-Hayes.
“Lesi yisigameko somhlaba wonke. Okuningi kuhlobene nohlobo lwezindiza ezindiziswayo, kanye neqiniso lokuthi amasosha awadingi ukuthobela imithetho ye-ICAO. ”
Uma okokusebenza kungatholwa futhi kulandelwe imithetho yokuphepha, kungakhathaliseki unswinyo, khona-ke ngokusobala kungase kube nenye into edlalwayo, mhlawumbe ukudlala kabi.
Ngo-February 19, 2003, i-Iranian Ilyushin-76 eyayithwele amalungu angu-302 e-Iran's elite Revolutionary Guards yashayisa eceleni kwentaba yabulala wonke umuntu owayekumkhumbi. Uhulumeni akazange aqalise uphenyo ngale ngozi, wamane wabalula isimo sezulu esibi, nangempela wakumisa ukuthungathwa kwebhokisi elimnyama ngenxa yesimo sezulu esibi.
Kamuva uhulumeni wase-Iran wabuyekeza inani labashonile laba ngu-275. Nokho, i-Iranian Ilyushin-76 ithwala abagibeli abangaba ngu-140, pho bavelaphi bonke labo bagibeli abengeziwe? Mhlawumbe ukuphahlazeka akuhlangene nesimo sezulu esibi futhi indiza yayigcwele ngokweqile?
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umdlalo ongcolile wawuhilelekile, noma ukumane nje ungalandeli imithetho yokundiza ephephile, akukhathaleki ukuthi yini edale izingozi zezindiza esikhathini esidlule, kusho uButterworth-Hayes.
“Ukungafihli nokuvuleleka kanye namazinga omhlaba kubalulekile; akumele kube khona ukuphahlazeka kwendiza emhlabeni. Sesazi okuningi ngezindiza manje; akufanele kube nokuphahlazeka kwendiza eyodwa.”
